|
Subgroups
|
Studies
|
Sample size
|
Estimate (%)a
|
95% CI (%)
|
I
2 (%)
|
p valueb
|
|---|
|
Overallc
|
93
|
71,816
|
23.8
|
20.6–27.2
|
98.9
|
-
|
|
Gender
| | | | | | |
|
Male
|
11
|
2303
|
22.4
|
16.6–28.7
|
90.5
|
0.085
|
|
Female
|
11
|
1577
|
15.8
|
11.7–20.5
|
76.8
| |
|
Age
| | | | | | |
|
<60 years
|
4
|
1219
|
14.0
|
10.5–17.9
|
55.6
|
0.039
|
|
≥60 years
|
6
|
956
|
30.8
|
15.2–49.1
|
96.7
| |
|
Comatose
| | | | | | |
|
Yes
|
4
|
318
|
55.9
|
42.5–69.0
|
79.8
|
<0.001
|
|
No
|
4
|
2073
|
10.2
|
4.7–17.5
|
94.6
| |
|
Diabetes
| | | | | | |
|
Yes
|
4
|
73
|
42.7
|
16.4–71.4
|
84.6
|
0.276
|
|
No
|
4
|
442
|
26.8
|
20.8–33.2
|
52.5
| |
|
Duration of ventilation
| | | | | | |
|
< 7 days
|
10
|
3582
|
6.6
|
4.7–8.9
|
77.7
|
<0.001
|
|
7–13 days
|
2
|
208
|
41.3
|
34.8–48.1
|
0.0
| |
|
≥14 days
|
4
|
114
|
81.5
|
57.9–96.7
|
81.8
| |
|
Tracheotomy
| | | | | | |
|
Yes
|
12
|
663
|
55.6
|
38.2–72.4
|
94.5
|
0.002
|
|
No
|
5
|
448
|
25.0
|
17.6–33.2
|
71.8
| |
|
Re-intubation
| | | | | | |
|
Yes
|
4
|
209
|
54.6
|
43.9–65.2
|
45.9
|
<0.001
|
|
No
|
4
|
1233
|
15.7
|
9.9–22.5
|
82.4
| |
-
CI confidence interval
-
aPooled estimates were calculated by a random-effects model
-
bThe Q test for heterogeneity was used to compare the incidence across subgroups
-
cStudies that reported the cumulative incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia
