Table 1 Clinical characteristics at baseline of the study participants with or without incident CV events

Age, years

43.0 ± 9

53.8 ± 12

41.9 ± 8

<0.001

Male, n (%)

232 (62.9)

30 (88.2)

202 (60.3)

0.001

Follow-up, years (median)

10.0

9.8

10

ns

Body mass index, kg × m⁻²

24.2 ± 4

24.7 ± 5

24.1 ± 4

0.530

Italian “Progetto CUORE” risk, %

3.9 ± 7

13.0 ± 13

2.9 ± 5

<0.001

European SCORE, %

1.3 ± 2

4.2 ± 4

1.0 ± 2

<0.001

Global Framingham CVD risk, %

9.3 ± 11

23.5 ± 17

7.8 ± 10

<0.001

Cigarette smoking, n (%)

199 (53.9)

24 (70.6)

175 (52.2)

0.041

Systolic blood pressure, mm Hg

130.5 ± 17

139.7 ± 20

129.5 ± 16

0.008

Diastolic blood pressure, mm Hg

82.3 ± 10

86.5 ± 11

81.2 ± 10

0.024

Pulse pressure, mm Hg

48.2 ± 11

53.2 ± 13

47.7 ± 11

0.020

Treated hypertension, n (%)

34 (9.2)

9 (26.5)

25 (7.5)

<0.002

Total cholesterol, mg/dL

180.9 ± 48

174.2 ± 47

181.5 ± 52

0.420

High-density lipoprotein cholesterol, mg/dL

54.6 ± 20

50.6 ± 19

54.9 ± 19

0.218

Statin therapy, n (%)

22 (6)

5 (14.7)

17 (5.1)

0.410

Glucose, mg/dL

89.0 ± 23

111.7 ± 46

86.7 ± 18

<0.003

Diabetes, n (%)

27 (7.3)

12 (35.3)

15 (4.5)

<0.001

CDC stage C3, n (%)

105 (28.5)

14 (41.2)

91 (27.2)

0.084

Baseline CD4 lymphocyte mm³

501 ± 309

521 ± 319

500 ± 308

0.714

Baseline HIV-RNA < 50 copies/mL, n (%)

256 (69.4)

25 (73.5)

231 (69.0)

0.581

Nadir CD4 lymphocyte mm³

186 ± 162

176 ± 158

187 ± 162

0.720

Zenit HIV-RNA, copies/mL (log₁₀)

5.0 ± 0.8

5.1 ± 0.9

5.0 ± 0.8

0.336

Hepatitis C infection, n (%)

111 (30.2)

13 (38.2)

98 (29.3)

0.282