Fig. 1

Kynurenine/Tryptophan ratio (KTR) in primary HIV infection, late presenters (LP) and early presenters (EP) (A). Reduction of proportion of CD8 + CD38 + HLA-DR+ (B) and CD4 + CD38 + HLA-DR+(C) T cells at 6 and 12 months of follow-up. The numbers of samples available at each timepoint (baseline, 6, and 12 months after initiation of cART) were: primary HIV infection (●): 14, 11, 7; late presenters (▲): 19, 10, 8; early presenters (■): 24, 22, 8; healthy controls (+): 16. P*: comparing the four groups by using ANOVA if parametric variables or Kruksal-Wallis test if non parametric variables. If significant (<0.05) then unpaired t-test if parametric variables or Mann-Whitney U test if non parametric variables were used to compare two groups. Only significant differences are marked: a: primary HIV infection vs late presenters; b: primary HIV infection vs early presenters; c: late presenters vs early presenters; d: healthy controls vs primary HIV infection; e: healthy controls vs late presenters; f: healthy controls vs early presenters