Table 1 Clinical features of 52 pediatric patients with disseminated cryptococcosisa
From: Clinical characteristics of disseminated cryptococcosis in previously healthy children in China
Clinical features | Total %(n/N) | CNS invasion %(n/N) | Non-CNS invasion %(n/N) | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Age (year) | Â | Â | Â | 0.600 |
 < 3 | 21.2 (11/52) | 22.2(8/36) | 18.8(3/16) |  |
 3–5 | 42.3 (22/52) | 38.9(14/36) | 50.0(8/16) |  |
 ≥ 5 | 36.5 (19/52) | 38.9(14/36) | 31.3(5/16) |  |
Male | 73.1 (38/52) | 75.0(27/36) | 68.8(11/16) | 0.639 |
History of exposure to pigeon droppings | 19.2 (10/52) | 22.2(8/28) | 12.5(2/14) | 0.411 |
Main symptoms and signs | ||||
 Fever | 100 (52/52) | 100 (36/36) | 100 (16/16) | - |
 Cough | 53.8 (28/52) | 55.6(20/36) | 50.0(8/16) | 0.710 |
 Hepatomegaly | 51.9 (27/52) | 47.2(17/36) | 62.5(10/16) | 0.308 |
 Meningeal irritation | 34.6 (18/52) | 100 (36/36) | 0 | 0.000 |
 Headache | 28.8 (15/52) | 38.9(14/36) | 6.3(1/16) | 0.017 |
 Lymphadenopathy | 27.0 (14/52) | 33.3(12/36) | 12.5(2/16) | 0.118 |
 Splenomegaly | 27.0 (14/52) | 16.7(6/36) | 50.0(8/16) | 0.012 |
 Vomiting | 23.1 (12/52) | 30.6(11/36) | 6.3(1/16) | 0.056 |
 Abdominal pain | 19.2 (10/52) | 22.2(8/36) | 12.5(2/16) | 0.411 |
 Rash | 11.5 (6/52) | 13.9(5/36) | 6.3(1/16) | 0.426 |
 Lung auscultation | 9.6 (5/52) | 11.1(4/36) | 6.3(1/16) | 0.583 |
 Seizure | 9.6 (5/52) | 13.9(5/36) | 0 | 0.117 |
 Jaundice | 7.7 (4/52) | 8.3(3/36) | 6.3(1/16) | 0.795 |
Invaded organs | ||||
 Lung | 96.2 (50/52) | 97.2(35/36) | 93.8(15/16) | 0.548 |
 CNS | 69.2 (36/52) | 100 (36/36) | 0 | 0.000 |
 Abdomen lymph nodes | 67.3 (35/52) | 58.3(21/36) | 87.5(14/16) | 0.039 |
 Liver | 63.5 (33/52) | 63.9(23/36) | 62.5(10/16) | 0.924 |
 Spleen | 50.0 (26/52) | 47.2(17/36) | 56.3(9/16) | 0.548 |
 Peripheral lymph nodes | 38.5 (20/52) | 38.9(14/36) | 37.5(6/16) | 0.924 |
 Skin | 11.5 (6/52) | 13.9(5/36) | 6.3(1/16) | 0.426 |
Blood test | ||||
 Increased CRP | 100 (52/52) | 100 (36/36) | 100 (16/16) | - |
 Increased ESR | 100 (52/52) | 100 (36/36) | 100 (16/16) | - |
 Leukocytosis | 92.3 (48/52) | 91.7(33/36) | 93.8(15/16) | 0.795 |
 IgE | 51.9 (27/52) | 58.3(21/36) | 37.5(6/16) | 0.135 |
 Eosinophilia | 42.3 (22/52) | 36.1(13/36) | 56.3(9/16) | 0.175 |
 Abnormal liver function | 38.5 (20/52) | 38.9(14/36) | 37.5(6/16) | 0.924 |
Pathogen test | ||||
 Serum cryptococcal antigen | 73.1 (38/52) | 83.3(30/36) | 50.0(8/16) | 0.012 |
 Blood culture | 46.2 (24/52) | 58.3(21/36) | 18.8(3/16) | 0.008 |
 CSF cryptococcal antigen | 42.9 (21/49) | 58.3 (21/36) | 0 | 0.000 |
 CSF ink staining | 38.8 (19/49) | 52.8 (19/36) | 0 | 0.000 |
 CSF culture | 32.4 (11/49) | 30.6 (11/36) | 0 | 0.013 |
Pathology | 100 (19/19) | 19.4(7/36) | 75.0(12/16) | 0.000 |
Chest radiographic abnormalities | 90.4 (47/52) | 88.9(32/36) | 93.8(15/16) | 0.583 |
Abdominal examination abnormalities | 73.1 (38/52) | 61.1(22/36) | 100 (16/16) | 0.004 |
Neurology imaging abnormalities | 40.4 (21/52) | 58.3(21/36) | 0 | 0.000 |