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Table 3 Descriptive statistics of Massachusetts census tracts, 2002–2013 (n = 1464)

From: Identifying and characterizing hepatitis C virus hotspots in Massachusetts: a spatial epidemiological approach

Characteristic

Census tracts in HCV hotspot (n = 302)Mean (95% CI)

Census tracts outside HCV hotspot (n = 1162)Mean (95% CI)

Demographic Variables

 Malea, %

48.32 (47.99, 48.48)

48.23 (47.99, 48.48)

 Total population, no. per census tract

3837 (3663, 4010)

4577 (4481, 4673)

 Median age, years

34.94 (34.20, 35.68)

39.71 (39.32, 40.09)

 High School graduate or higherb, %

81.59 (80.03, 83.15)

89.18 (88.61, 89.75)

 Whitea, c, %

70.57 (68.14, 73.00)

82.99 (81.83, 84.14)

 African Americana, c, %

10.44 (8.88, 11.99)

6.25 (5.49, 7.01)

 Hispanica, d,, %

16.80 (14.74, 18.86)

8.33 (7.50, 9.16)

 Asiana, c, %

7.60 (6.51, 8.69)

4.49 (4.14, 4.84)

 Other Race or Ethnicitya, e, %

7.56 (6.43, 8.69)

4.35 (3.79, 4.91)

Socioeconomic Variables

 Median household income, $

53,066 (50,543, 55,590)

71,725 (70,006, 73,444)

 Households receiving food stampsa, g, %,

13.86 (12.36, 15.37)

8.07 (7.48, 8.66)

 Households living at poverty statusa, g, (%)

10.16 (9.17, 11.15)

12.40 (11.73, 13.08)

 Households with 1 workera, g, (%)

27.85 (26.95, 28.75)

29.26 (28.71, 29.80)

 Households with ≥2workersa,g, (%)

59.53 (58.22, 60.83)

58.07 (57.33, 58.82)

 Owner-occupied housing units, %

42.78 (40.22, 45.34)

67.46 (66.10, 68.82)

 Renter-occupied housing units, %

57.22 (54.66, 59.78)

32.54 (31.18, 33.90)

Structural Variables

 Pharmacies, no.

1.14 (0.93, 1.35)

1.50 (1.38, 1.62)

 Gay bars, no.

0.04 (0.02, 0.07)

0.02 (0.00, 0.05)

 Adult bookstores, no.

0.02 (0.01, 0.04)

0.02 (0.01, 0.03)

 Syringe exchanges, no.

0.007 (0.00, 0.02)

0.00 (0.00, 0.00)

 HIV testing sites, no.

0.36 (0.22, 0.49)

0.10 (0.07, 0.14)

 Prisons, no.

0.02 (0.00, 0.03)

0.03 (0.02, 0.05)

 HCV casesf, no.

72.31 (65.87, 78.74)

51.96 (49.33, 54.90)

 HCV rate per 100,000 individualsf, no.

2424 (1544, 3303)

1220 (1154, 1286)

  1. n sample size, % percent, $ United States dollar, HCV hepatitis C virus, HIV human immunodeficiency virus, CI confidence interval, IQR interquartile range
  2. aPercent of total population within census tract
  3. bPopulation 25 years of age or older
  4. cNon-Hispanic
  5. dOf any race
  6. eIncludes Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander, American Indian/Alaskan Native, and other races/ethnicities not specified
  7. fReported HCV cases to the Massachusetts Department of Public Health from 2002 to 2013
  8. gLast 12 months