Complications of miliary tuberculosis: low mortality and predictive biomarkers from a UK cohort

BMC Infectious Diseases

Table 3 Classification performance of different biomarkers and their optimum threshold by outcome determined using bootstrapping

Predictor	Outcome	Sensitivity (%)	Specificity (%)	PPV (%)	NPV (%)	AUC
ALT ≥180 IU/L	Unfavourable	75.0 (41.7-100)	97.3 (92.5-100)	85.7 (50.0-100)	95.6 (88.6-100)	0.864 (0.692-1.00)
Sodium <132 mmol/L	Unfavourable	87.5 (57.1-100)	61.4 (46.5-76.1)	29.2 (11.1-48.3)	96.4 (88.9-100)	0.744 (0.583-0.869)
ALT <180 IU/L & sodium ≥125 mmol/L	Favourable	81.8 (69.8-92.5)	100 (100-100)	100 (100-100)	50.0 (25.0-76.9)	0.909 (0.849-0.963)

An unfavourable outcome was defined as the need for critical care intervention with mechanical ventilation, whereas a favourable outcome was defined as not requiring critical care intervention with mechanical ventilation. 95% confidence intervals determined by bootstrapping (1000 replicates) are in parentheses for each parameter. Abbreviations: ALT alanine aminotransferase, AUC area under the receiver operator curve (equivalent to the balanced accuracy), PPV positive predictive value, NPV negative predictive value

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