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Table 3 Associations between recently acquired syphilis infection and characteristics of PICASSO study participants, Lima, Peru, 2013–2014

From: The PICASSO Cohort: baseline characteristics of a cohort of men who have sex with men and male-to-female transgender women at high risk for syphilis infection in Lima, Peru

Baseline characteristics

Recently acquired syphilis infection prevalence

Bivariate analysis

Multivariate analysis

n/N (%)

Crude PR (95% CI)

Adjusted PR (95% CI)

Overall

58/285 (20.4)

  

Age, years

 

0.97 (0.94–0.99)

0.96 (0.93–0.99)

 18–25

22/98 (22.5)

  

 26–30

13/56 (23.2)

  

 31–35

13/50 (26.0)

  

 36+

10/81 (12.4)

  

Number of recent male/transwomen sex partners (quartiles)

 

 0–2

21/86 (24.4)

Ref

 

 3–5

18/84 (21.4)

0.88 (0.50–1.53)

 

 6–10

8/50 (16.0)

0.66 (0.31–1.37)

 

 11+

11/65 (16.9)

0.69 (0.36–1.34)

 

Role during anal sex

 

 Insertive

5/71 (7.0)

Ref

Ref

 Receptive

22/85 (25.9)

3.68 (1.46–9.22)

2.56 (1.05–6.25)

 Versatile

31/129 (24.0)

3.41 (1.39–8.40)

1.99 (0.82–4.85)

Condomless anal sex with a male partner, last 3 months

 

 No

14/70 (20.0)

Ref

 

 Yes

44/215 (20.5)

1.02 (0.59–1.75)

 

Condomless anal sex with stable male partners, last 3 months

 

 No

21/97 (21.7)

Ref

 

 Yes

37/188 (19.7)

0.91 (0.56–1.46)

 

Any anal sex partner met over the Internet in last 3 months

 

 No

34/182 (18.7)

Ref

 

 Yes

24/103 (23.3)

1.25 (0.78–1.98)

 

Any anal sex with an anonymous sex partner in last 3 months

 

 No

30/140 (21.4)

Ref

 

 Yes

28/145 (19.3)

0.90 (0.57–1.43)

 

Any anal sex in a sex club in last 3 months

 

 No

46/244 (18.9)

Ref

 

 Yes

12/41 (29.3)

1.55 (0.90–2.67)

 

HIV infection

  

 Negative

31/206 (15.1)

Ref

Ref

 Known infecteda

20/50 (40.0)

2.66 (1.66–4.25)

1.70 (1.11–2.61)

 Newly diagnosed

7/29 (24.1)

1.60 (0.78–3.31)

1.37 (0.72–2.60)

Any anal CT or NG infection

  

 Negative

38/229 (16.6)

Ref

Ref

 Positive

20/56 (35.7)

2.15 (1.36–3.40)

1.69 (1.09–2.60)

Previous syphilis diagnosis (per patient interview)

 

 No

24/213 (11.3)

Ref

Ref

 Yes

34/71 (47.9)

4.25 (2.71–6.66)

3.53 (2.20–5.68)

Alcohol use disorder (AUDIT score ≥ 8)

 

 No

32/151 (21.2)

Ref

 

 Yes

26/134 (19.4)

0.92 (0.58–1.45)

 
  1. Transwomen (male-to-female transwomen); Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV); Chlamydia trachomatis (CT); and Neisseria gonorrheae (NG)
  2. aSelf reported on baseline survey
  3. bBolded text indicates a p-value <0.05