Table 1 Characteristics of included studies
References | Year of publication | Study area | Study population | Study design | Study period | Specimen | Methods employed | No of TB patients | New MDR-TB, % | Previously treated MDR-TB, % | Overall MDR-TB, % |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Meskel et al. [25] | 2008 | Addis Ababa | Previously treated PTB patients | Cross-sectional study | 2001 to 2002 | Sputum | Microscopy, culture, and DST | 84 | - | 26.2 | 26.2 |
WHO [12] | 2008 | Ethiopia (national survey) | Extra and PTB patients | Longitudinal cross-sectional study | 2003 to 2006 | N/S | Culture and DST | 147,592 | 1.6 | 12 | 1.8 |
Yimer et al. [26] | 2012 | ARS major towns | New PTB patients | Cross-sectional study | 2008 | Sputum | Microscopy, culture, and DST | 93 | 1.1 | - | 1.1 |
Tessema et al. [27] | 2012 | Gondar, Metema, Bahirdar & Debre Markos | PTB patients | Cross-sectional study | 2009 | Sputum | Microscopy, culture, genotype MTBC MTBDRs, DST | 260 | 3.7 | 10.9 | 5 |
Abebe et al. [28] | 2012 | South western Ethiopia | New PTB patients | Cross-sectional study | 2010 to 2011 | Sputum | culture and DST | 136 | 1.5 | - | 1.5 |
Hussein et al. [29] | 2013 | Bahirdar Fitche Ambo | PTB patients | Cross-sectional study | 2011 | Sputum | Microscopy, culture, RD9 typing and DST | 102 | 11.8 | 11.1 | 11.8 |
Esmael et al. [30] | 2014 | Eastern ARS | PTB patients | Cross-sectional study | 2010 to 2011 | Sputum | Culture, and DST | 230 | 1.8 | 18.5 | 6.5 |
Biadglegne et al. [31] | 2014 | Bahirdar, Gondar, & Dessie | TB lymphadenitis patients | Cross-sectional study | 2012 | Fine needle aspirates | Cytology, culture and GeneType MTBC assay &Anti-TB drug resistant assay | 225 | 1.4 | 0 | 1.3 |
Seyoum et al. [32] | 2014 | Eastern Ethiopia | New PTB patients | Cross-sectional study | 2011 to 2013 | Sputum | Microscopy, culture and DST | 357 | 1.1 | - | 1.1 |
Daniel et al. [33] | 2014 | Debre Birhan | PTB patients | Cross-sectional study | 2013 to 2014 | Sputum | Microscopy, culture, deletion and spoligotyping, DST | 40 | 6.3 | 12.5 | 7.5 |
Tekle et al. [34] | 2014 | Benishangul-Gumuz & Awi | PTB patients | Cross-sectional study | 2013 to 2014 | Sputum | Microscopy, culture, RD9 typing and DST | 87 | 1.3 | 8.3 | 2.3 |
Kebede [35] | 2015 | Ethiopia | PTB patients | Longitudinal cross-sectional study | 2011 | Sputum | Culture and DST | 1422 | 2.7 | 17.9 | 5.1 |
Adane et al. [36] | 2015 | East Gojjam | PTB patients | Cross-sectional study | 2011 to 2012 | Sputum | Microscopy, culture, RD9 typing and DST | 89 | 1.3 | 16.7 | 3.4 |
Maru et al. [37] | 2015 | Dessie | PTB patients | Cross-sectional study | 2012 to 2013 | Sputum | Culture, spoligotyping and DST | 118 | 0 | 13.3 | 1.7 |
Mekonnen et al. [38] | 2015 | North Gondar | PTB patients | Cross-sectional study | 2014 | Sputum | Microscopy, Gene x-pert, culture and DST | 124 | 2.3 | 13.9 | 5.6 |
Hamussie et al. [39] | 2016 | Arsi Zone | PTB patients | Cross-sectional study | 2013 to 2014 | Sputum | Culture and DST | 106 | 2.4 | 14.3 | 4.7 |