Table 2 Comparison of characteristics between HIV-exposed uninfected and HIV-unexposed-uninfected infants according to CMV status at inclusion into phase 2 of the ANRS 12140-Pediacam study, 2007–2013, Cameroon
CMV-infected infants | CMV-uninfected infants | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
HIV-exposed uninfected | HIV-unexposed-uninfected | HIV-exposed uninfected | HIV-unexposed-uninfected | |||||||
N | % (n) | N | % (n) | p-value* | N | % (n) | N | % (n) | p-value* | |
Study site: Essos Hospital Center | 18 | 33.3 (6) | 49 | 42.9 (21) | 0.67 | 98 | 36.7 (36) | 58 | 37.9 (22) | 1.00 |
Gender: Female | 18 | 83.3 (15) | 49 | 49.0 (24) | 0.02 | 98 | 46.9 (46) | 58 | 51.7 (30) | 0.68 |
Marital status: Alone (single or divorced or widow) | 18 | 22.2 (4) | 49 | 34.7 (17) | 0.50 | 98 | 36.7 (36) | 58 | 32.8 (19) | 0.74 |
Electricity supply at home: Yes | 18 | 100.0 (18) | 48 | 97.9 (47) | 1.00 | 94 | 98.9 (93) | 57 | 100 (57) | 1.00 |
Maternal level of education: Higher education | 18 | 22.2 (4) | 49 | 36.7 (18) | <0.01 | 96 | 25.0 (24) | 58 | 53.4 (31) | <0.01 |
Maternal age at inclusion: > = 25 years | 18 | 77.8 (14) | 49 | 69.4 (34) | 0.71 | 97 | 79.4 (77) | 58 | 81 (47) | 0.97 |
Professional activity of the mother: Paid | 17 | 58.8 (10) | 49 | 42.9 (21) | 0.39 | 96 | 50.0 (48) | 58 | 44.8 (26) | 0.65 |
Mode of delivery: Cesarean section | 18 | 11.1 (2) | 49 | 10.2 (5) | 1.00 | 98 | 12.2 (12) | 58 | 12.1 (7) | 1.00 |
Breastfeeding: Yes | 18 | 38.9 (7) | 49 | 100 (49) | <0.01 | 98 | 8.2 (8) | 58 | 98.3 (57) | <0.01 |
Prematurity: <37 weeks | 18 | 16.7 (3) | 49 | 10.2 (5) | 0.67 | 98 | 3.1 (3) | 58 | 13.8 (8) | 0.02 |
Hemoglobin level: < 9 g/dl | 18 | 5.6 (1) | 49 | 4.1 (2) | 1.00 | 98 | 3.1 (3) | 58 | 6.9 (4) | 0.43 |
Age at CMV screening: > = 4 months | 18 | 38.9 (7) | 49 | 46.9 (23) | 0.76 | 98 | 64.3 (63) | 58 | 50.0 (29) | 0.11 |
T CD4 lymphocytes : < 25% | 18 | 11.1 (2) | 49 | 12.2 (6) | 1.00 | 96 | 3.1 (3) | 58 | 10.3 (6) | 0.08 |
Z-score weight for age: ≤2 SD | 18 | 0.0 (0) | 49 | 2.0 (1) | 1.00 | 98 | 1.0 (1) | 58 | 0.0 (0) | 1.00 |
Hospitalization at or before inclusion: Yes | 18 | 0.0 (0) | 49 | 4.1 (2) | 1.00 | 98 | 3.1 (3) | 58 | 1.7 (1) | 1.00 |