Table 1 Comparison of characteristics of infants screened for CMV infection at inclusion into phase 2 of the ANRS-PEDIACAM study according to HIV status and mode of inclusion, 2007–2013, Cameroon
HIV-infected infants | HIV-uninfected infants | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Followed from birth (group 1i, n = 41) | Diagnosed before 7 months of age (group 3i, n = 105) | Total (N = 146) | Born to HIV-infected mothers (group 1ni, n = 116) | Born to HIV-uninfected mothers (group 2ni, n = 107) | Total (N = 223) | p-values | ||||||||
n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % | P1 | P2 | |
Recruitment site | ||||||||||||||
MCC-CBF | 25 | 61.0 | 70 | 66.7 | 95 | 65.1 | 74 | 63.8 | 64 | 59.8 | 138 | 61.9 | 0.76 | 0.61 |
EHC | 16 | 39.0 | 35 | 33.3 | 51 | 34.9 | 42 | 36.2 | 43 | 40.2 | 85 | 38.1 | ||
Gender: Female | 26 | 63.4 | 55 | 52.4 | 81 | 55.5 | 61 | 52.6 | 54 | 50.5 | 115 | 51.6 | 0.56 | 0.53 |
Maternal marital status | (n = 104) | (n = 145) | ||||||||||||
Married/Cohabiting | 28 | 68.3 | 63 | 60.6 | 91 | 62.8 | 76 | 65.5 | 71 | 66.4 | 147 | 65.9 | 0.86 | 0.67 |
Single/Divorced/Widow | 13 | 26.8 | 41 | 36.5 | 54 | 33.8 | 40 | 31.9 | 36 | 31.8 | 76 | 31.8 | ||
Maternal Level of education | (n = 40) | (n = 104) | (n = 144) | (n = 114) | (n = 221) | |||||||||
Higher education | 5 | 12.5 | 3 | 2.9 | 8 | 5.6 | 28 | 24.6 | 49 | 45.8 | 77 | 34.8 | <.001 | <.001 |
Secondary education | 27 | 67.5 | 63 | 60.6 | 90 | 62.5 | 61 | 53.5 | 53 | 49.5 | 114 | 51.6 | ||
None or primary education | 8 | 20.0 | 38 | 36.5 | 46 | 31.9 | 25 | 21.9 | 5 | 4.7 | 30 | 13.6 | ||
Maternal professional activity | (n = 39) | (n = 104) | (n = 143) | (n = 113) | (n = 220) | |||||||||
Paid activity | 18 | 46.2 | 32 | 30.8 | 50 | 35.0 | 58 | 51.3 | 47 | 43.9 | 105 | 47.7 | 0.02 | 0.02 |
Housewife/student/unemployed | 21 | 53.8 | 72 | 69.2 | 93 | 65.0 | 55 | 48.7 | 60 | 56.1 | 115 | 52.3 | ||
Existence of a functional fridge at home | (n = 39) | (n = 99) | (n = 138) | (n = 111) | (n = 103) | (n = 214) | ||||||||
Yes | 19 | 50.0 | 34 | 34.3 | 53 | 38.7 | 57 | 51.4 | 69 | 67.0 | 126 | 58.9 | <.001 | <.001 |
No | 19 | 50.0 | 65 | 65.7 | 84 | 61.3 | 54 | 48.6 | 34 | 33.0 | 88 | 41.1 | ||
Premature delivery | (n = 85) | (n = 126) | ||||||||||||
≥ 37 weeks | 37 | 90.2 | 72 | 84.7 | 109 | 86.5 | 110 | 94.8 | 94 | 87.9 | 204 | 91.5 | 0.10 | 0.20 |
< 37 weeks | 4 | 9.8 | 13 | 15.3 | 17 | 13.5 | 6 | 5.2 | 13 | 12.1 | 19 | 8.5 | ||
Mode of delivery | (n = 102) | (n = 143) | ||||||||||||
Vaginal | 40 | 97.6 | 100 | 98.0 | 140 | 97.9 | 102 | 87.9 | 95 | 88.8 | 197 | 88.3 | 0.01 | <.001 |
Cesarean | 1 | 2.4 | 2 | 2.0 | 3 | 2.1 | 14 | 12.1 | 12 | 11.2 | 26 | 11.7 | ||
Feeding practice | (n = 40) | (n = 104) | (n = 144) | |||||||||||
No breastfeeding | 29 | 72.5 | 43 | 41.3 | 72 | 50.0 | 101 | 87.1 | 1 | 0.9 | 102 | 45.7 | <.001 | 0.49 |
Any history of breastfeeding | 11 | 27.5 | 61 | 58.7 | 72 | 50.0 | 15 | 12.9 | 106 | 99.1 | 121 | 54.3 | ||
CMV infection | ||||||||||||||
Negative | 27 | 65.9 | 33 | 31.4 | 60 | 41.1 | 98 | 84.5 | 58 | 54.2 | 156 | 70.0 | <.001 | <.001 |
Positive | 14 | 34.1 | 72 | 68.6 | 86 | 58.9 | 18 | 15.5 | 49 | 45.8 | 67 | 30.0 | ||