Table 2 Brain frontal lobe histopathologic features
Histologic feature | Assessment | HIV-positive (n = 27)a | HIV-negative (n = 22)a | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
n (%) | n (%) | |||
Astrocytes | Normal | 16 (59.3) | 18 (81.8) | 0.09 |
(H&E) | Increased | 11 (40.7) | 4 (18.2) | |
Activated astrocytes | Diffuse white matter | 17 (100) | 15 (93.8) | 0.3 |
(GFAP IHC) | White matter vessels | 3 (17.6) | 1 (6.25) | 0.3 |
Grey matter | 4 (23.5) | 3 (18.8) | 0.7 | |
Microglia | Normal | 9 (33.3) | 7 (31.8) | 0.9 |
Increased | 18 (66.7) | 15 (68.2) | ||
Myelin | Normal | 15 (55.6) | 13 (59.1) | 0.8 |
Loss | 12 (44.4) | 9 (40.9) | ||
Blood vessel thickening | None | 19 (70.4) | 13 (59.1) | 0.6 |
Mild | 4 (14.8) | 3 (13.6) | ||
Moderate/severe | 4 (14.8) | 6 (27.3) | ||
Inflammation | None | 19 (70.4) | 17 (77.3) | 0.5 |
Chronic | 5 (18.5) | 3 (13.6) | ||
Acute | 0 (0.0) | 1 (4.5) | ||
Amyloid deposition | ||||
(AmyloGlo) | positive | 1 (5.9) | 2 (12.5) | 0.5 |