Table 5 Predictors of mild to severe ICS score among children with viral bronchiolitis: logistic regression analysis
From: Viral aetiology of bronchiolitis in hospitalised children in Qatar
| Â | ICS score: 1 to 2 (mild) | ICS score: 3 to 4 (moderate to severe) | Odds Ratio (OR) (95% CI) | P-Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Demographic characteristics | ||||
 Age group | ||||
   ≤ 1 month | 70 (44.0%) | 68 (38.4%) | 0.84 (0.49, 1.45) | 0.535 |
  1 to 3 months | 50 (31.4%) | 64 (36.2%) | 1.11 (0.63, 1.95) | 0.720 |
   > 3 months | 39 (24.5%) | 45 (25.4%) | 1.0 (Reference) |  |
  Male | 101 (62.7%) | 131 (70.8%) | 1.44 (0.92, 2.26) | 0.111 |
  Female | 60 (37.3%) | 54 (29.2%) | 1.0 (Reference) |  |
  Qatari | 97 (60.2%) | 123 (66.5%) | 1.31 (0.84, 2.03) | 0.229 |
  Non-Qatari | 64 (39.8%) | 62 (33.5%) | 1.0 (Reference) |  |
Types of viruses, seasonal trend and severity | ||||
 RSV | 53 (40.2%) | 72 (42.4%) | 1.0 (Reference) |  |
 RV | 12 (9.1%) | 23 (13.5%) | 1.41 (0.65, 3.09) | 0.389 |
 RSV + RV | 10 (7.6%) | 14 (8.2%) | 1.03 (0.42, 2.50) | 0.947 |
 RSV+ any other non-RV | 13 (9.8%) | 17 (10%) | 0.96 (0.43, 2.15) | 0.926 |
 RV+ any other non-RSV | 12 (9.1%) | 10 (5.9%) | 0.61 (0.25, 1.53) | 0.293 |
 Others | 32 (24.2%) | 34 (20%) | 0.78 (0.43, 1.42) | 0.421 |
Seasons | ||||
 Winter | 62 (38.5%) | 88 (47.8%) | 1.0 (Reference) |  |
 Spring | 23 (14.3%) | 19 (10.3%) | 0.58 (0.29, 1.16) | 0.124 |
 Summer | 6 (3.7%) | 13 (7.1%) | 1.53 (0.55, 4.24) | 0.417 |
 Fall | 70 (43.5%) | 64 (34.8%) | 0.64 (0.40, 1.03) | 0.066 |
 LOS ≥ 4 daysa | 125 (78.1%) | 156 (85.2%) | 1.62 (0.93, 2.82) | 0.089 |
 Assisted Ventilationa | 4 (2.6%) | 24 (13.4%) | 5.85 (1.98, 17.3) | 0.001 |
Medical history and physical exam findings | ||||
 Cough | 158 (98.8%) | 181 (98.4%) | 0.76 (0.13, 4.63) | 0.769 |
 Wheezing | 95 (60.1%) | 132 (73.3%) | 1.82 (1.15, 2.89) | 0.010 |
 Crepitation | 109 (75.7%) | 155 (90.6%) | 3.11 (1.64, 5.90) | 0.001 |
 Retraction | 87 (60.8%) | 158 (89.8%) | 5.65 (3.13, 10.2) | <0.001 |
 Fever | 118 (75.6%) | 135 (76.3%) | 1.03 (0.63, 1.71) | 0.893 |
 Apnea | 13 (9.3%) | 9 (5.6%) | 0.58 (0.24, 1.40) | 0.224 |
 Pertussis like symptoms | 12 (9.2%) | 16 (10.1%) | 1.12 (0.51, 2.46) | 0.782 |
 Family history of asthma | 59 (52.7%) | 81 (58.3%) | 1.26 (0.76, 2.07) | 0.375 |
 Maximum temperature (°C) | 38.44 ± 0.82 | 38.56 ± 0.79 | 1.20 (0.92, 1.56) | 0.156 |
 Maximum respiratory rate (br/m) | 57.98 ± 17.17 | 66.37 ± 7.83 | 1.09 (1.07, 1.12) | <0.001 |
 Maximum pulse rate (beat/m) | 163.2 ± 19.9 | 171.9 ± 17.7 | 1.03 (1.02, 1.04) | <0.001 |
 O2 saturation (%) | 96.91 ± 2.01 | 96.02 ± 2.64 | 0.85 (0.77, 0.93) | 0.001 |