Table 4 Predictors of length-of-stay ≥4 days among children with mild to severe bronchiolitis: logistic regression analysis
From: Viral aetiology of bronchiolitis in hospitalised children in Qatar
|  | LOS <4 days | LOS ≥ 4 days | Odds Ratio (OR) (95% CI) | P-Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Demographic characteristics | ||||
 Age group | ||||
   ≤ 1 month | 25 (42.4%) | 118 (41.5%) | 1.36 (0.70, 2.7) | 0.369 |
  1 to 3 months | 15 (25.4%) | 100 (35.2%) | 1.92 (0.91, 4.0) | 0.086 |
   > 3 months | 19 (32.2%) | 66 (23.2%) | 1.0 (Reference) |  |
  Male | 39 (62.9%) | 196 (67.4%) | 1.22 (0.69, 2.15) | 0.500 |
  Female | 23 (37.1%) | 95 (32.6%) | 1.0 (Reference) |  |
  Qatari | 38 (61.3%) | 185 (63.6%) | 1.1 (0.63, 1.9) | 0.735 |
  Non-Qatari | 24 (38.7%) | 106 (36.4%) | 1.0 (Reference) |  |
Types of viruses, seasonal trend and severity | ||||
 RSV | 22 (50%) | 103 (39.3%) | 1.0 (Reference) |  |
 RV | 3 (6.8%) | 33 (12.6%) | 2.35 (0.66, 8.35) | 0.187 |
 RSV + RV | 3 (6.8%) | 21 (8%) | 1.50 (0.41, 5.46) | 0.542 |
 RSV+ any other non-RV | 3 (6.8%) | 30 (11.5%) | 2.14 (0.60, 7.63) | 0.243 |
 RV+ any other non-RSV | 3 (6.8%) | 19 (7.3%) | 1.35 (0.37, 4.97) | 0.649 |
 Others | 10 (22.7%) | 56 (21.4%) | 1.20 (0.53, 2.70) | 0.667 |
Seasons | ||||
 Spring | 8 (12.9%) | 35 (12%) | 1.25 (0.53, 2.90) | 0.610 |
 Summer | 2 (3.2%) | 18 (6.2%) | 2.57 (0.57, 11.6) | 0.220 |
 Fall | 18 (29%) | 119 (41%) | 1.89 (1.01, 3.53) | 0.046 |
 Winter | 34 (54.8) | 119 (40.9) | 1.0 (Reference) |  |
 ICS score: 3 to 4 | 27 (43.5%) | 156 (55.5%) | 1.62 (0.93, 2.82) | 0.089 |
 ICS score: 1 to 2 | 35 (56.5%) | 125 (44.5%) | 1.0 (Reference) |  |
Medical history and physical exam findings | ||||
 Cough | 59 (95.2%) | 286 (99.3%) | 7.27 (1.2, 44.5) | 0.032 |
 Wheezing | 40 (66.7%) | 189 (66.5%) | 0.99 (0.55, 1.8) | 0.986 |
 Crepitation | 42 (76.4%) | 226 (85.6%) | 1.84 (0.90, 3.7) | 0.092 |
 Retraction | 33 (60%) | 215 (80.2%) | 2.70 (1.5, 5.1) | 0.002 |
 Fever | 47 (78.3%) | 212 (76.3%) | 0.89 (0.45, 1.74) | 0.731 |
 Apnea | 3 (5.6%) | 21 (8.4%) | 1.56 (0.45, 5.4) | 0.485 |
 Pertussis like symptoms | 3 (5.5%) | 26 (11%) | 2.15 (0.63, 7.4) | 0.225 |
 Family history of asthma | 22 (55%) | 121 (56.3%) | 1.1 (0.53, 2.1) | 0.881 |
 Maximum temperature (°C) | 38.39 ± 0.87 | 38.52 ± 0.78 | 1.22 (0.86, 1.73) | 0.255 |
 Maximum respiratory rate (br/m) | 60.34 ± 15.13 | 62.99 ± 13.32 | 1.02 (0.99, 1.1) | 0.160 |
 Maximum pulse rate (beat/m) | 161.8 ± 22.1 | 169.1 ± 18.1 | 1.01 (1.0, 1.03) | 0.011 |
 O2 saturation (%) | 97.37 ± 1.84 | 96.18 ± 2.53 | 0.78 (0.66, 0.89) | 0.001 |