Early rising asexual parasitaemia in Nigerian children following a first dose of artemisinin-based combination treatments of falciparum malaria

Table 3 Risk factors for early rising asexual parasitaemia in malarious children following artemisinin-based combination treatments

Variable	Total no.	No. with early rising asexual parasitaemia	OR (95% CI)	P value	AOR (95% CI)	P value
Gender
Female	209	103	1
Male	207	102	1.0 (0.7–1.5)	1.0	-	-
Age (years)
≥ 5	332	169	1
< 5	84	36	0.8 (0.4–1.2)	0.19	-	-
Duration of illness (days)
≤ 2 days	129	61	1
> 2 days	226	117	1.2 (0.8–1.8)	0.42	-	-
Enrolment body temperature
≤ 38 °C	230	123	1
> 38 °C	186	82	1.5 (1.1–2.2)	0.06	-	-
Fever on day 1
Absent	383	187	1
Present	30	16	1.2 (0.6–2.5)	0.63	-	-
Haematocrit at presentation (day 0)
≥ 30%	320	156	1
< 30%	96	49	1.1 (0.7–1.7)	0.69	-	-
Haematocrit on day1
≥ 30%	277	110	1
< 30%	121	66	1.5 (0.9–2.2)	0.09	-	-
FIH
> 0.05	67	29	1
≤ 0.05	113	58	0.7 (0.4–1.3)	0.37	-	-
Parasitaemia (μL⁻¹)
≥ 100,000	125	40	1		1
< 100,000	291	165	2.8 (1.8–4.3)	<0.0001	3.3 (2.1–5.3)	<0.0001
Parasitaemia on day 1
Absent	325	144	1		1
Present	91	61	2.6 (1.6–4.2)	<0.0001	3.8 (1.6–8.9)	0.002
PRR_D1
≥ 10⁴	302	134	1		1
< 10⁴	114	71	2.1 (1.3–3.2)	0.001	0.9 (0.4–1.7)	0.52
PRR_D2
≥ 10⁴	378	187	1
< 10⁴	38	18	0.9 (0.5–1.8)	0.8	-	-
Fever clearance time
≤ 1 day	269	140	1
> 1 day	26	14	1.2 (0.5–2.7)	0.63	-	-
Season of enrolment
Dry	97	44	1
Wet	319	161	1.2 (0.8–1.9)	0.38	-	-
Year of enrolment
≤ 2010	254	119	1
> 2010	162	86	1.3 (0.9–1.9)	0.21	-	-
Treatment
Artesunate-amodiaquine	240	107	1
Artemether-lumefantrine	120	64	1.4 (0.9–2.2)	0.12	-	-
Dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine	56	34	1.9 (1.1–3.5)	0.03

OR odd ratio, AOR adjusted odd ratio, CI confidence interval, FIH fall in haematocrit per 1000 asexual parasite cleared from peripheral, PRR _D1 parasite reduction ratio 1 day after treatment began, PRR _D2 parasite reduction ratio 2 days after treatment began

ISSN: 1471-2334