Table 3 Percentages of resistance against commonly used antibiotics in positive gram-negative urine cultures on and off antibiotic prophylaxis
Gram negative uropathogens | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
AmpC negative | AmpC positive | Non-fermenting | |||||||
E.coli | Klebsiella pneumoniae | Proteus mirabilis | Klebsiella oxytoca | Enterobacter cloacae | Citrobacter freundii | Pseudomonas aeroginosa | p-value AP+ vs AP- | ||
Number of cultures | 387 | 42 | 34 | 21 | 18 | 17 | 47 | ||
Antibiogram | |||||||||
Penicillines | |||||||||
Amoxicillin | total | 66.7 | NC | 24.2 | NC | NC | NC | NC | 0.031 |
AP+ | 73.8 | NC | 11.5 | NC | NC | NC | NC | ||
AP- | 56.3 | NC | # | NC | NC | NC | NC | ||
Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid | total | 29.7 | 9.5 | 6.1 | 9.5 | NC | NC | NC | 0.172 |
AP+ | 32.8 | 9.1 | 7.7 | # | NC | NC | NC | ||
AP- | 25.3 | # | # | 14.3 | NC | NC | NC | ||
Piperacillin | total | 68.2 | NC | 9.1 | NC | NC | NC | 2.6 | 0.950 |
AP+ | 73.5 | NC | 9.5 | NC | NC | NC | 3.1 | ||
AP- | 59.5 | NC | # | NC | NC | NC | # | ||
Piperacillin/tazobactam | total | 7.8 | 17.1 | 3.0 | 5.3 | # | # | 2.2 | 0.176 |
AP+ | 10.3 | 15.6 | 3.8 | # | # | # | 2.7 | ||
AP- | 4.0 | # | # | 7.7 | # | # | # | ||
Cephalosporines | |||||||||
Cefazolin (1) | total | 17.9 | 43.8 | 4.5 | 56.3 | NC | NC | NC | 0.346 |
AP+ | 20.6 | 54.5 | 0.0 | # | NC | NC | NC | ||
AP- | 13.5 | # | # | 50.0 | NC | NC | NC | ||
Cefuroxim (2) | total | 11.4 | 45.2 | 3.0 | 14.3 | NC | NC | NC | 0.016 |
AP+ | 13.5 | 51.5 | 0.0 | # | NC | NC | NC | ||
AP- | 8.2 | # | # | 9.1 | NC | NC | NC | ||
Ceftazidim (3) | total | 1.7 | 21.7 | 4.3 | 5.9 | NC | NC | 4.3 | 0.161 |
AP+ | 2.6 | 29.4 | 4.5 | # | NC | NC | 2.6 | ||
AP- | 0.0 | # | # | 4.5 | NC | NC | # | ||
Ceftriaxon (3) | total | 1.9 | 19.4 | 0.0 | 5.9 | # | NC | # | 0.148 |
AP+ | 2.5 | 25.0 | 0.0 | # | # | NC | # | ||
AP- | 0.8 | # | # | 9.1 | # | NC | # | ||
Other bactolactam | |||||||||
Meropenem | total | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 7.5 | 0.461 |
AP+ | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | # | # | # | 9.1 | ||
AP- | 0.0 | # | # | 0.0 | # | ? | # | ||
Aminoglycosides | |||||||||
Amikacin | total | 1.9 | 19.0 | 4.2 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 2.5 | 0.054 |
AP+ | 2.6 | 26.7 | 4.3 | # | # | # | 3.0 | ||
AP- | 0.9 | # | # | 0.0 | # | ? | # | ||
Gentamicin | total | 4.7 | 2.4 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.500 |
AP+ | 4.4 | 3.0 | 0.0 | # | # | # | 0.0 | ||
AP- | 4.8 | # | # | 0.0 | # | 0.0 | # | ||
Tobramicin | total | 4.9 | 4.8 | 3.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 2.1 | 0.194 |
AP+ | 4.8 | 6.1 | 3.8 | # | # | # | 2.6 | ||
AP- | 4.4 | # | # | 0.0 | # | 0.0 | # | ||
Fluorquinolones | |||||||||
Ciprofloxacin | total | 7.8 | 52.9 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 5.0 | 0.021 |
AP+ | 10.2 | 63.6 | 0.0 | # | # | # | 6.1 | ||
AP- | 3.6 | # | # | 0.0 | # | 0.0 | # | ||
Norfloxacin | total | 7.7 | 52.9 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 9.4 | 0.047 |
AP+ | 9.7 | 63.6 | 0.0 | # | # | # | 11.1 | ||
AP- | 4.5 | # | # | 0.0 | # | 0.0 | # | ||
Levofloxacin | total | 9.4 | 29.3 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 9.4 | 0.057 |
AP+ | 10.6 | 33.3 | 0.0 | # | # | # | 11.1 | ||
AP- | 7.7 | # | # | 0.0 | # | 0.0 | # | ||
Other antibiotics | |||||||||
Trimetoprim | total | 66.6 | 88.2 | 34.8 | 23.5 | 16.7 | 66.7 | NC | <0.001 |
AP+ | 80.7 | 63.6 | 36.4 | # | # | # | NC | ||
AP- | 42.9 | # | # | 18.2 | # | 90.9 | NC | ||
Cotrimoxazol | total | 55.7 | 52.4 | 33.3 | 19.0 | 11.8 | 47.1 | NC | <0.001 |
AP+ | 69.7 | 51.5 | 30.8 | # | # | # | NC | ||
AP- | 35.4 | # | # | 14.3 | # | 10.1 | NC | ||
Nitrofurantoin | total | 16.4 | 90.5 | NC | 28.6 | 64.7 | 0.0 | NC | <0.001 |
AP+ | 22.4 | 93.9 | NC | # | # | # | NC | ||
AP- | 7.7 | # | NC | 21.4 | # | 0.0 | NC |