Table 1 Socio-demographic and clinical characteristics by HCV serostatus at postnatal cohort enrolment

Age (n = 2047) (years)

27.7

[24.6, 31.3]

27.1

[24.1, 30.6]

29.1

[26.2, 32.6]

p < 0.01

Age at leaving full-time education (n = 1429)^a

  ≤ 16 years

331 (23)

159 (17)

172 (34)

p < 0.01

 17–18 years

378 (26)

249 (27)

129 (25)

  ≥ 19 years

720 (50)

515 (56)

205 (41)

History of IDU (n = 1859)

 No

1461 (79)

1128 (93)

333 (51)

p < 0.01

 Yes

398 (21)

84 (7)

314 (49)

Ever had an IDU sex partner (n = 1765)

 No

1416 (80)

1025 (87)

391 (66)

p < 0.01

 Yes

349 (20)

149 (13)

200 (34)

History of imprisonment (n = 1930)

 No

1862 (96)

1274 (99)

588 (92)

p < 0.01

 Yes

68 (4)

16 (1)

52 (8)

Timing of HIV diagnosis (n = 1873)^a

 Before most recent pregnancy

701 (37)

398 (32)

303 (48)

p < 0.01

 During most recent pregnancy

1172 (63)

842 (68)

330 (52)

CD4 count (n = 1918), (cells/mm³, median [IQR])

452 [324, 604]

460 [335, 609]

426 [299, 591]

p < 0.01

CD4 count (n = 1918)

  ≤ 350 cells/mm³

566 (30)

356 (28)

210 (33)

p = 0.03

 351-500 cells/mm³

582 (30)

395 (31)

187 (30)

  > 500 cells/mm³

770 (40)

538 (42)

232 (37)

WHO stage (n = 2041)

 Stage 1

1424 (70)

1065 (77)

359 (54)

p < 0.01

 Stage 2

269 (13)

145 (11)

124 (19)

 Stage 3

267 (13)

124 (9)

143 (21)

 Stage 4

81 (4)

41 (3)

40 (6)

On ART (n = 2029)

 No

1454 (72)

1012 (74)

442 (67)

p < 0.01

 Yes

575 (28)

357 (26)

218 (33)

Hepatitis B co-infection (n = 1955)

 No

1626 (83)

1170 (86)

456 (76)

p < 0.01

 Yes

329 (17)

184 (14)

145 (24)

Smoking history (n = 2021)

 Never smoked

578 (29)

460 (34)

118 (18)

p < 0.01

 Past smoker

484 (24)

364 (27)

120 (18)

 Current smoker, <15 cigarettes /day

417 (21)

304 (22)

113 (17)

 Current heavy smoker, ≥15 cigarettes /day

440 (22)

176 (13)

264 (40)

 Current smoker, cigarettes/day not reported

102 (5)

57 (4)

45 (7)