Table 1 Logistic regression estimates of the unadjusted and adjusted odds ratios of prevalent tuberculosis in the Zambian study sites
Characteristic | Total number (%) | Number (%) with prevalent TB | Unadjusted OR (95% CI) | P-value# | Adjusteda OR (95% CI) | P-value# | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Overall | 27,800 (100) | 144 (0 · 5) | - | - | - | - | |
Random blood glucose concentration (mmol/L) | <5.6 | 14,741 (53.0) | 67 (0.5) | 1 | 0.029 (test for linear trend p = 0.017; test for departure from trend p = 0.164) | 1 | 0.011 (test for linear trend p = 0.006; test for departure from trend p = 0.141) |
5.6–6.9 | 8,628 (31.0) | 42 (0.5) | 1.06 (0.72–1.56) | 1.13 (0.75–1.71) | |||
7.0–8.9 | 3,447 (12.4) | 24 (0.7) | 1.51 (0.94–2.41) | 1.6 (0.96–2.66) | |||
9.0–11.0 | 579 (2.1) | 9 (1.6) | 3.44 (1.7–6.96) | 4.31 (2.07–8.97) | |||
>11.0 | 405 (1.5) | 2 (0.5) | 1.06 (0.26–4.35) | 0.97 (0.13–7.14) | |||
Age (years) | 18–24 | 9,733 (35 · 4) | 37 (0 · 4) | 1 | 0 · 004 | 1 | 0 · 390 |
25–29 | 4,665 (17 · 0) | 32 (0 · 7) | 1 · 79 (1 · 11–2 · 88) | 1.27 (0.75–2.16) | |||
30–34 | 3,438 (12 · 5) | 28 (0 · 8) | 2 · 15 (1 · 31–3 · 52) | 1.42 (0.83–2.46) | |||
35–39 | 2,381 (8 · 7) | 16 (0 · 7) | 1 · 79 (0 · 99–3 · 24) | 1.09 (0.57–2.09) | |||
40–49 | 3,173 (11 · 5) | 20 (0 · 6) | 1 · 67 (0 · 97–2 · 89) | 1.04 (0.56–1.92) | |||
50–59 | 2,113 (7 · 7) | 7 (0 · 3) | 0 · 87 (0 · 39–1 · 96) | 0.74 (0.32–1.72) | |||
60+ | 1,998 (7 · 3) | 4 (0 · 2) | 0 · 55 (0 · 20–1 · 55) | 0.49 (0.16–1.45) | |||
Sex | Male | 9,265 (33 · 3) | 64 (0 · 7) | 1 | 0 · 003 | 1 | 0 · 008 |
Female | 18,535 (66 · 7) | 80 (0 · 4) | 0 · 60 (0 · 43–0 · 84) | 0.59 (0.41–0.87) | |||
HIV status | Negative | 21,103 (82 · 5) | 72 (0 · 3) | 1 | <0 · 001 | 1 | <0 · 001 |
Positive | 4,465 (17 · 5) | 66 (1 · 5) | 4 · 22 (3 · 00–5 · 92) | 3.57 (2.44–5.23) | |||
Body Mass Index (weight(kg)/height2(m)) | Healthy weight (18.5–24.9) | 16,497 (64.2) | 95 (0.6) | 1 | <0.001 | 1 | <0.001 |
Underweight (<18.5) | 2,604 (10.1) | 27 (1.0) | 1.87 (1.22–2.89) | 1.70 (1.09–2.65) | |||
Overweight (25–29.9) | 4,402 (17.1) | 13 (0.3) | 0.49 (0.27–0.88) | 0.56 (0.3–1.05) | |||
Obese (≥30) | 2,214 (8.6) | 1 (0.1) | 0.07 (0.01–0.53) | 0.10 (0.01–0.76) | |||
Region | Rural, low ARTI | 7,712 (27 · 7) | 24 (0 · 3) | 1 | 0 · 012 | 1 | 0 · 002 |
Urban (non-Lusaka), low ARTI | 6,033 (21 · 7) | 34 (0 · 6) | 1 · 83 (1 · 02–3 · 29) | 2.13 (1.12–4.04) | |||
Urban (non-Lusaka), high ARTI | 5,158 (18 · 6) | 22 (0 · 4) | 1 · 39 (0 · 74–2 · 63) | 1.59 (0.81–3.14) | |||
Lusaka, high ARTI | 8,897 (32 · 0) | 64 (0 · 7) | 2 · 34 (1 · 37–3 · 98) | 2.88 (1.62–5.11) | |||