Table 6 Predictors of hospital length of stay during diagnosis and treatment of active TB, stratified by timing of hospitalization, Montreal, January 1996 -- May 2007
Initial hospitalizations (n = 1006) | Hospitalizations during treatment (n = 206) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Characteristics | Crude HR (95% CI) | Adjusted HRa,b (95% CI) | Crude HR (95% CI) | Adjusted HRa (95% CI) |
Sex | ||||
Male | 1.01 (0.89–1.14) | - | 1.29 (0.78–2.11) | - |
Female | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
Age in yearsc | 0.99 (0.98–1.00) | |||
log(LOS) ≤ 2.5 | 1.02 (1.02–1.03) | 1.02 (1.02–1.03) | - | - |
log(LOS) > 2.5 | 0.96 (0.96–0.96) | 0.96 (0.96–0.96) | - | - |
Had provincial health insurance # | ||||
Yes | 0.96 (0.81–1.14) | - | 1.15 (0.63–2.10) | - |
No | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
Country of birth | ||||
Canada | 0.68 (0.55–0.83) | - | 0.80 (0.47–1.37) | - |
Foreign, low-moderate incidence | 0.88 (0.74–1.04) | 0.57 (0.33–0.98) | ||
Foreign, high incidence country | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
Immigration, years since arrival | ||||
Foreign-born, unknown arrival date | 1.47 (1.13–1.91) | - | 0.57 (0.28–1.15) | - |
15 or more years | 1.11 (0.92–1.35) | 0.70 (0.34–1.44) | ||
3–14 years | 1.50 (1.26–1.79) | 0.85 (0.50–1.42) | ||
0–2 years | 1.42 (1.17–1.71) | 1.15 (0.58–2.28) | ||
Canadian-born | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
Homeless | - | - | ||
Yes | 0.89 (0.56–1.40) | 0.26 (0.11–0.63) | ||
No | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
Cancer | - | |||
Yes | 0.82 (0.55–1.23) | 1.42 (0.89–2.26) | - | |
No | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
Diabetes | - | |||
Yes | 0.92 (0.76–1.11) | 1.05 (0.63–1.75) | - | |
No | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
HIV | ||||
Positive | 0.83 (0.70–0.99) | 0.77 (0.66–0.90) | 0.93 (0.59–1.47) | 0.61 (0.40–0.91) |
Negative or unknown | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Renal disease | ||||
Yes | 0.55 (0.43–0.70) | 0.59 (0.46–0.75) | 0.45 (0.21–0.95) | 0.58 (0.31–1.10) |
No | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Liver disease | ||||
Yes | 0.79 (0.66–0.94) | - | 1.62 (0.99–2.66) | - |
No | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
Ever substance abuse | ||||
Yes | 0.91 (0.79–1.05) | - | 0.88 (0.58–1.33) | - |
No | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
Number of co-morbidities | ||||
2 or more | 0.65 (0.56–0.75) | - | 0.74 (0.44–1.25) | - |
1 | 0.85 (0.73–1.00) | 0.69 (0.36–1.31) | ||
0 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
Ever smoker | ||||
Yes | 0.84 (0.74–0.96) | - | 0.91 (0.59–1.40) | - |
No | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
TB diagnosis | ||||
Pulmonary, Smear+ | 0.61 (0.51–0.72) | 0.64 (0.54–0.77) | 1.51 (0.84–2.69) | 1.26 (0.78–1.99) |
Pulmonary, Smear- | 089 (0.73–1.09) | 1.02 (0.84–1.26) | 1.50 (0.80–2.83) | 1.81(1.07–3.04) |
Extra-pulmonary | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Cavitary TB | ||||
Yes | 0.92 (0.90–1.05) | - | 1.91 (1.13–3.25) | - |
No | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
Miliary TB | ||||
Yes | 0.83 (0.63–1.10) | - | 1.13 (0.70–1.83) | - |
No | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
Any pulmonary TB-related symptoms | ||||
Yes | 0.65 (0.50–0.85) | 0.70 (0.55–0.90) | 0.61 (0.42–0.90) | 0.46 (0.27–0.80) |
No | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Any systemic TB-related symptoms | ||||
Yes | 0.80 (0.69–0.93) | - | 1.16 (0.60–2.26) | - |
No | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
Multidrug or poly-drug resistance | ||||
Yes | 0.65 (0.50–0.85) | 0.44 (0.32–0.60) | 0.62 (0.28–1.39) | 0.28 (0.12–0.66) |
No | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Teaching hospital | ||||
Yes | 0.86 (0.75–0.99) | 0.81 (0.71–0.92) | 0.99 (0.62–1.59) | - |
No | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |