Table 1 Pediatric cases of MERS associated with Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection
| Age (yrs) | Sex | Duration of prodromal illness (d) | Neurological symptoms | Non-neurological symptoms | Duration of fever (d) | Diagnosic method for MP | Diagnosis of MP-associated encephalitis | MR | Chest | WBC | CRP | Na | CSF | EEG | MRI | Time till recovery of MRI findings (d) | Time till clinical recovery (d) | Treatment | Outcome | Ref | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| X-ray/CT | (cells/μL) | (mg/dl) | (mEq/L) | finding | findings | Antibiotics | Steroids | ||||||||||||||
| 13 | M | 1 | Abnormal speech, ataxia, confusion, drowsiness | Abd pain, fever, lethargy | NA | IgMAb/CFT | probable | NA | NA | 7,950 | 0.1 | NA | pleocytosis | SW | type II, SCC, center semiovale, genu, parietal | 90 | 180 | CIP | – | CR | [5] |
| 3 | F | 3 | Drowsiness, seizure | Diarrhea, fever, vomiting | 6 | IgMAb/EIA | possible | NA | NA | normal | – | NA | normal | NA | type I | 60 | 3 | AZT | – | CR | [12] |
| 8 | M | 2 | Ataxia, confusion, drowsiness | Fever, lethargy | 6 | IgMAb/EIA | possible | NA | NA | increased | + | NA | normal | NA | type I | 6 | 8 | AZT | + | CR | [12] |
| 9 | M | 1 | Drowsiness, left peripheral facial nerve paralysis | Fever, headache, lethargy, vomiting | 2 |
IgMAb/ELISA MP (+) in PS by PCR | possible | NA | NA | 4,500 | 1.6 | 127 |
normal MP (−) in CSF by PCR | SW | type I | 7 | 10 | AZT | – | CR | [13] |
| 12 | M | 6 | Drowsiness | Cough, dizziness, fever, headache, lethargy, vomiting | 6 |
IgMAb/ELISA MP (+) in PS by PCR | possible | NA | IF | 8,100 | 1.4 | 139 |
normal MP (−) in CSF by PCR IL-6↑ | SW | type I | 3 | 8 | AZT | – | CR | [13] |
| 2 | M | 2 | Abnormal speech, irritability, motor deterioration, seizure | Abd.pain, fever, vomiting | 2 | ELISA | possible | NA | NA | 11,600 | 6.6 | 136 | normal | normal | type I | 120 | 8 | NA | – | CR | [14] |
| 6 | M | 4 | Abnormal speech, delilium, drowsiness | Abd.pain, fever, headache | 4 | ELISA | possible | NA | NA | 12,600 | 16.8 | 135 | normal | SW | type I | 67 | 19 | NA | + | CR | [14] |
| 6 | M | 6 | Drowsiness, irritability | Cough, fever, headache | 10 | PA | probable | + | IBM | 11,800 | 0.33 | 135 | pleocytosis | SW | type I | 18 | 12 | CIP | – | CR | [15] |
| 8 | F | 1 | Ataxia, muscle weakness, tremor | Cough, fever | NA | PA | probable | NA | IF | 8,000 | 5.72 | 136 | ND | NA | type I | 8 | 8 | NA | NA | CR | [16] |
| 10 | F | 1 | Drowsiness | Cough | 0 | PA | probable | NA | IF | NA | NA | NA | ND | NA | type I | 15 | 4 | NA | NA | CR | [17] |
| 12 | F | 7 | Abnormal behavior, drowsiness, seizure | Fever | NA | NA | possible | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | type I | NA | 10 | NA | + | CR | [18] |
| 6 | F | 4 | Delirium | Cough, fever | 8 | NA | possible | + | IF | NA | NA | NA | ND | NA | type I | 11 | 8 | CIP | NA | CR | [19] |
| 7 | M | 8 | Abnormal speech, drowsines | Cough, fever, headache | 6 | PA | probable | NA | NA | 16,400 | 1.1 | 131 |
pleocytosis MP (−) in CSF by PCR | normal | type I | 4 | 4 | MINO | + | CR | [20] |
| 14 | M | 5 | Abnormal speech/behavior, delirium, drowsiness, hallucinations | Cough, fever, headache | 5 | IgMAb/EIA | possible | + | IF | 7,680 | 2.6 | 134 | ND | ND | type I | 7 | 7 | MINO | + | CR | Case1 |
| 8 | F | 1 | Ataxia, drowsiness, intension tremor, seizure | Cough, diarrhea, fever, headache, lethargy, vomiting | 9 | IgMAb/EIA | possible | NA | IBM | 6,480 | <0.3 | 133 | ND | normal | type II,SCC, left cerebellum | 7 | 60 | MINO | – | CR | Case2 |
