Table 1 Demographic, lifestyle and HIV-related characteristics of HIV-positive and HIV-negative study participants at enrolment (IQR: interquartile range)
From: Defining cognitive impairment in people-living-with-HIV: the POPPY study
≥50 HIV-positive (N = 290) | ≥50 HIV-negative (N = 97) | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
Age [years], median (range) | 57 (50, 82) | 58 (50, 83) | 0.22 |
Gender, n (%) | <0.01 | ||
Female | 34 (11.7 %) | 33 (34.0 %) | |
Male | 256 (88.3 %) | 64 (66.0 %) | |
Ethnicity, n (%) | 0.47 | ||
Black-African | 37 (12.8 %) | 9 (9.3 %) | |
White | 253 (87.2 %) | 88 (90.7 %) | |
Country of birth, n (%) | 0.92 | ||
UK/Ireland | 202 (69.7 %) | 70 (72.2 %) | |
Rest of Europe | 17 (5.9 %) | 4 (4.1 %) | |
Africa | 44 (15.2 %) | 14 (14.4 %) | |
Rest of the world | 27 (9.3 %) | 9 (9.3 %) | |
Sexual orientation, n (%) | <0.01 | ||
Gay/Homosexual | 208 (71.7 %) | 40 (41.2 %) | |
Bisexual | 11 (3.8 %) | 1 (1.0 %) | |
Straight/Heterosexual | 56 (19.3 %) | 50 (51.6 %) | |
Other/Unknown | 15 (5.2 %) | 6 (6.2 %) | |
Education, n (%) | 0.14 | ||
No qualification | 31 (10.7 %) | 4 (4.1 %) | |
O levels/GCSEs (or equivalent at age 16) | 41 (14.1 %) | 18 (18.6 %) | |
A levels (or equivalent at age 18) | 41 (14.1 %) | 20 (20.6 %) | |
University degree or above | 127 (43.8 %) | 42 (43.3 %) | |
Other/Unknown | 50 (17.2 %) | 13 (13.4 %) | |
Smoking status, n (%) | 0.79 | ||
Current smoker | 70 (24.1 %) | 20 (20.6 %) | |
Ex-smoker | 108 (37.2 %) | 37 (38.1 %) | |
Never smoked | 111 (38.3 %) | 39 (40.2 %) | |
Not known | 1 (0.3 %) | 1 (1.0 %) | |
Years of smoking (current/past smokers), median (IQR) | 32 (20, 40) | 33 (21, 40) | 0.86 |
Alcohol consumption, n (%) | 0.13 | ||
Current consumption | 227 (78.3 %) | 83 (85.6 %) | |
Previous consumption only | 40 (13.8 %) | 6 (6.2 %) | |
Never consumed alcohol | 23 (7.9 %) | 8 (8.3 %) | |
Recreational drugs in past 6 months, n (%) | 83 (27.9 %) | 12 (12.4 %) | <0.01 |
Route of HIV-acquisition, n (%) | |||
Sex between men and women | 61 (21.0 %) | N/A | |
Sex between men | 229 (79.0 %) | N/A | |
Years since HIV diagnosis, median (IQR) | 16.8 (10.2, 22.9) | N/A | |
CD4+ cell count at enrolment [cells/μL], median (IQR) | 610 (478, 780) | N/A | |
On antiretroviral treatment, n (%) | 281 (96.9 %) | N/A | |
Viral load <50 copies/mL, n (%) | 263 (90.7 %) | N/A |