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Table 2 Designated and estimated prevalence of two vaccine-associated high-risk types by Linear Array (LA)-only and sequential testing strategies in the United States and Latin America

From: Comparison of DNA testing strategies in monitoring human papillomavirus infection prevalence through simulation

Genotyping assay performance

Time

Designated composite prevalence (SD)

LA only

Sequential testing

Composite prevalence estimate (SD)

Estimate-to-true ratio

Composite prevalence estimate (SD)

Estimate-to-true ratio

United States

Sen = 1.00

Spe = 1.00

Baseline

0.064 (0.004)

0.064 (0.004)

1.000

0.029 (0.003)

0.453

Reduced

0.032 (0.003)

0.032 (0.003)

1.000

0.015 (0.002)

0.469

% reduction

50

50

 

48

 

Sen = 0.95

Spe = 0.95

Baseline

0.064 (0.004)

0.151 (0.006)

2.359

0.068 (0.004)

1.063

Reduced

0.032 (0.003)

0.124 (0.005)

3.875

0.056 (0.004)

1.750

% Reduction

50

17.9

 

17.6

 

Sen = 0.95

Spe = 0.90

Baseline

0.064 (0.004)

0.287 (0.007)

4.484

0.107 (0.005)

1.672

Reduced

0.032 (0.003)

0.213 (0.006)

6.656

0.096 (0.004)

3.000

% Reduction

50

25.8

 

10.3

 

Sen = 0.90

Spe = 0.90

Baseline

0.064 (0.004)

0.234 (0.007)

3.656

0.105 (0.005)

1.641

Reduced

0.032 (0.003)

0.211 (0.006)

6.594

0.095 (0.005)

2.969

% Reduction

0.50

9.8

 

9.5

 

Sen = 0.90

Spe = 0.85

Baseline

0.064 (0.004)

0.314 (0.008)

4.906

0.142 (0.006)

2.219

Reduced

0.032 (0.003)

0.294 (0.007)

9.188

0.132 (0.006)

4.125

% Reduction

50

6.4

 

7.0

 

Sen = 0.85

Spe = 0.85

Baseline

0.064 (0.004)

0.312 (0.007)

4.875

0.141 (0.005)

2.219

Reduced

0.032 (0.003)

0.293 (0.008)

9.156

0.132 (0.005)

4.125

% Reduction

50

42

 

7.0

 

Sen = 0.80

Spe = 0.80

Baseline

0.064 (0.004)

0.385 (0.008)

6.016

0.173 (0.006)

2.703

Reduced

0.032 (0.003)

0.371 (0.007)

11.594

0.167 (0.005)

5.219

% Reduction

50

4.2

 

3.5

 

Latin America

Sen = 1.00

Spe = 1.00

Baseline

0.045 (0.003)

0.045 (0.003)

1.000

0.020 (0.002)

0.444

Reduced

0.022 (0.002)

0.022 (0.002)

1.000

0.010 (0.002)

0.455

% Reduction

51

5.1

 

5.0

 

Sen = 0.95

Spe = 0.95

Baseline

0.045 (0.003)

0.135 (0.005)

3.000

0.060 (0.004)

1.333

Reduced

0.022 (0.002)

0.116 (0.005)

5.273

0.052 (0.003)

2.364

% Reduction

51

14.1

 

13.3

 

Sen = 0.95

Spe = 0.90

Baseline

0.045 (0.003)

0.222 (0.007)

4.933

0.099 (0.005)

2.200

Reduced

0.022 (0.002)

0.205 (0.006)

9.318

0.093 (0.005)

4.227

% Reduction

51

7.6

 

6.1

 

Sen = 0.90

Spe = 0.90

Baseline

0.045 (0.003)

0.219 (0.006)

4.867

0.099 (0.005)

2.200

Reduced

0.022 (0.002)

0.204 (0.006)

8.870

0.092 (0.005)

4.000

% Reduction

51

6.8

 

7.1

 

Sen = 0.90

Spe = 0.85

Baseline

0.045 (0.003)

0.302 (0.007)

6.711

0.136 (0.005)

3.022

Reduced

0.022 (0.002)

0.288 (0.007)

13.091

0.130 (0.005)

5.909

% Reduction

51

4.6

 

4.4

 

Sen = 0.85

Spe = 0.85

Baseline

0.045 (0.003)

0.300 (0.007)

6.667

0.135 (0.005)

3.000

Reduced

0.022 (0.002)

0.288 (0.007)

13.091

0.129 (0.005)

5.864

% Reduction

51

4.6

 

4.4

 

Sen = 0.80

Spe = 0.80

Baseline

0.044 (0.003)

0.376 (0.007)

8.545

0.169 (0.006)

3.841

Reduced

0.022 (0.002)

0.366 (0.007)

16.63

0.165 (0.006)

7.500

% Reduction

50

2.7

 

2.4

 
  1. Type-specific prevalence at baseline, in the United States: HPV16 = 0.047 and HPV18 = 0.019; in Latin America: HPV16 = 0.033 and HPV18 = 0.012
  2. Reduced: HPV16 and HPV18 are reduced by 50 %
  3. Abbreviations: SD standard deviation, Sen, sensitivity, Spe, specificity