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Table 2 Participants clinical characteristics according to the presence of testosterone deficiency

From: Prevalence of testosterone deficiency in HIV-infected men under antiretroviral therapy

 

Testosterone deficiency

(n = 72)

Without testosterone deficiency

(n = 173)

p value

Weight [kg, median (IQR)]

76.3 (25.9)

71.3 (16.2)

0.857a

Height [cm, median (IQR)]

171.0 (8.0)

169.0 (7.5)

0.204a

BMI [(kg/m2), median (IQR)]

26.5 (16.8)

25.2 (5.4)

0.160a

 Underweight [n (%)]

5 (7.0)

6 (3.6)

0.028b/0.155c

 Normal weight [n (%)]

26 (36.3)

78 (46.2)

 

 Overweight [n (%)]

23 (32.4)

67 (39.6)

 

 Obesity [n (%)]

17 (23.9)

18 (10.7)

 

Neck circumference [cm, median (IQR)]

40.0 (4.8)

39.0 (3.0)

0.196a

Upper-arm circumference [cm, median (IQR)]

28.3 (3.8)

28.0 (3.8)

0.197a

Abdominal circumference [cm, median (IQR)]

98.0 (13.8)

93.0 (8.6)

0.492a

Waist circumference [cm, median (IQR)]

99.5 (19.8)

93.0 (13.5)

0.030a

Hip circumference [cm, median (IQR)]

47.0 (6.0)

47.5 (6.0)

0.906a

Metabolic syndrome [n (%)]

33 (45.8)

69 (39.9)

0.390b

Blood pressure [n (%)]

30 (41.7)

69 (40.1 %)

0.822b

 Systolic blood pressure [median (IQR)]

133.5 (40.0)

130.0 (30.0)

0.007a

 Diastolic blood pressure [median (IQR)]

79.0 (25.0)

80.0 (15.0)

0.756a

Smoking history [n (%)]

 Current

21 (30.4)

72 (42.6)

0.127b

 Former

25 (36.2)

42 (24.9)

 

 Never

23 (33.3)

55 (32.5)

 

Alcohol consumption [n (%)]

41 (59.4)

77 (45.6)

0.052b

Total cholesterol [mg/dL, median (IQR)]

210.0 (69.0)

221.0 (70.5)

0.668a

LDL cholesterol [mg/dL, median (IQR)]

129.0 (37.0)

129.0 (72.8)

0.573a

HDL cholesterol [mg/dL, median (IQR)]

43.5 (13.3)

42.5 (13.3)

0.125a

Triglycerides [mg/dL, median (IQR)]

215.0 (215.3)

218.0 (162.0)

0.631a

HbA1c [%, median (IQR)]

5.5 (1.7)

5.3 (1.0)

0.016a

Total testosterone [ng/mL, median (IQR)]

2.6 (2.6)

5.9 (2.7)

<0.001a

Free testosterone [ng/dL, median (IQR)]

5.2 (1.5)

9.1 (3.6)

<0.001a

SHBG [nmol/L, median (IQR)]

35.2 (44.6)

46.6 (29.6)

0.083a

LH [mIU/mL, median (IQR)]

5.0 (4.9)

5.2 (3.2)

0.001a

FSH [mIU/mL, median (IQR)]

6.7 (7.1)

5.1 (4.1)

<0.001a

FRS [median (IQR)]

13.0 (5.0)

12.0 (6.0)

0.004a

 <10 [n (%)]

16 (22.2)

66 (38.2)

0.008b/0.003c

 10–20 [n (%)]

48 (66.7)

101 (58.4)

 

 >20 [n (%)]

8 (11.1)

6 (3.5)

 

10-Year ASCVD risk [%, median (IQR)]

7.1 (6.5)

6.8 (8.3)

0.002a

Lifetime ASCVD risk [n (%)]

 <40 %

4 (10.0)

11 (8.0)

0.789b

 40–50 %

22 (55.0)

84 (60.9)

 

 >50 %

14 (35.0)

43 (31.2)

 

Lipodistrophy [n (%)]

39 (56.5)

96 (58.5)

0.776b

Waist circumference (>102 cm) [n(%)]

23 (31.9)

30 (17.3)

0.011b

No lipodystrophy [n (%)]

20 (27.8)

59 (34.3)

0.321b

Isolated central fat accumulation [n (%)]

13 (18.1)

13 (7.5)

0.015b

Isolated lipoatrophy [n (%)]

29 (40.3)

83 (48.3)

0.254b

Mixed forms of lipodystrophy [n (%)]

10 (13.9)

17 (9.8)

0.355b

  1. BMI body mass index, LDL low density lipoprotein, HDL high density lipoprotein, HbA1c glycosylated hemoglobin, SHBG sex hormone binding globulin, LH luteinizing hormone, FSH follicle stimulating hormone, FRS Framingham risk score, ASCVD atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease
  2. aMann-Whitney U test; bChi-square test; cLinear by linear association test