Persistently high prevalence of primary resistance and multidrug resistance of tuberculosis in Heilongjiang Province, China

Table 5 The resistance of Mtb isolated in China to first-line drugs and FQs^a

Location (Ref.)	Sampling Year	Sampling source^b	Sample size	First-line Resistance (%)		MDR rate (%)		FQ Resistance (%)^c
Location (Ref.)	Sampling Year	Sampling source^b	Sample size	Total	New	Total	New	Total	MDR
China [1, 27, 28]	2007	Survey	3929	38.3	34.2	10.2	5.7
	2007–2008	Survey	3634			9.9		4.0
	2005–2012	Hospital	450	54.4	44.7	25.8	14.5
Jilin [29]	2008–2011	Survey	1772	40.1	33.1	13.5	8.60
Ningxia [30]	2013–2014	Survey	665	26.6	20.2	7.8
Chongqing [31]	2009–2013	Hospital	2271	61.9	52.9	26.3	16.7
Lianyungang, Jiangsu [32]	2011–2012	Survey	1012	30.4	23.4	8.7	4.2
Kaohsiung, Taiwan [33]	2000–2008	Hospital	421	15.2		2.1
Beijing [34]	2007–2009	Hospital	967	70.1	60.9	19.4	14.9	27.1	35.1
Xinjiang [35, 36]	2009–2013	Hospital	410			13.2	12.9
Heilongjiang (present)	2007–2012	Hospital	1427	57.0	48.7	22.8	13.6
	2007–2009	Hospital	821	61.9	60.0	26.2	16.5
	2010–2012	Hospital	606	50.5	41.9	18.2	9.9	10.4	25.0
Kunming, Yunnan [37]	2008–2009	CDC	279	31.5		9.3
Hunan [38]	2009–2010	Hospital	171	40.9	19.6	25.2	6.2	10.5
Xuzhou, Jiangsu [39]	2011–2012	Hospital	287	16.0		3.14
Zhejiang [40]	2011–2012	Hospital	1363			16.7
Rural China [10]	2008	Hospital	380	31.1	25.9	11.3	9.0	10.8	23.3
Jiangxi [41]	2010–2011	Hospital	804			19.8
Northeast China [42]	2010–2011	Hospital	205	26.3	22.0	6.8	3.0
Anhui [43]	2010–2011	Hospital	420	29.1	17.1	14.5	6.8	13.3	14.8
Shenzhen [44]	2009	Hospital	589	38.0		9.3		6.8	47.3
Chongqing [45]	2011–2013	Hospital	1976			10.5			24.5
Fujian [46]	2010–2011	Survey	1389			5.4		2.3	25.3

^a Mtb M. tuberculosis, MDR multidrug resistance, CDC Chinese Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, FQs fluoroquinolones
^bData was derived based on sampling sources of hospital (Hospital), local TB control system (CDC) or nationwide random survey
^cThe data presented the resistance rate of FQ-resistant from total or from MDR Mtb isolates examined (resistant to Ofloxacin, in Italian; resistant to levofloxacin, underlined)

ISSN: 1471-2334