Table 1 Studies included in this meta-analysis
Authors | Publication year | Type of study | Cut-off value (mmol/L) | Gold standard |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Leib et al. [6] | 1999 | Retrospective | 4.0 | 1) or 2) or 3): 1) positive bacterial CSF culture and CSF WBC > 2.5 × 108/L 2) CSF WBC > 1 × 109/L and neutrophils >50 % 3) CSF WBC > 2.5 × 108/L and neutrophils >50 % in patients treated with steroids or antibiotics at the time of LP |
Tavares et al. [25] | 2006 | Prospective | 5.4 | positive bacterial CSF culture or Gram stain |
Grille et al. [21] | 2012 | Prospective | 5.2 | 1) or 2): 1) positive bacterial CSF culture or Gram stain 2) negative bacterial CSF culture or Gram stain and CSF WBC > 1 × 109/L (>50 % neutrophils) in patients treated with antibiotics at the time of lumbar puncture |
Maskin et al. [22] | 2013 | Prospective | 4.0 | 1) or 2): 1) positive bacterial CSF culture or Gram stain and CSF WBC ≥ 1 × 105/L or (CSF glucose <40 mg/dL or CSF glucose/blood glucose <0.4) 2) CSF WBC ≥ 2.5 × 105/L and CSF glucose/blood glucose <0.5 if patients received antibiotics 24 h prior to CSF sampling |
Li et al. [18] | 2014 | Retrospective | 3.45 | a All of the below: 1) clinical symptoms 2) positive bacterial CSF culture or Gram stain 3) CSF WBC count ≥1 × 109/L and polykaryocyte percentage ≥75 % 4) CSF glucose <2.5 mmol/L or CSF glucose/blood glucose <0.4. |