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Table 3 Univariate analysis of baseline variables at TB diagnosis in case control cohort

From: Determinants of treatment-related paradoxical reactions during anti-tuberculosis therapy: a case control study

Variable (N = 234 total unless otherwise stated)

PR (%) (N = 82)

Matched control without PR (N = 152)

P value*

Demographicsa

 Age (Mean)

 

33.7

37.0

0.162

 Sex (%)

Male

72 (45 %)

72 (47 %)

–

Female

45 (55 %)

80 (53 %)

0.770

 Ethnicity (%)

White

8 (10 %)

26 (17 %)

–

Black

32 (39 %)

65 (43 %)

–

East Asian

6 (7 %)

9 (6 %)

–

South Asian

33 (40 %)

46 (30 %)

–

Other

3 (4 %)

6 (4 %)

0.663

Baseline TB disease site, symptoms & microbiology

 Site (%)

Chest b

29 (35 %)

96 (63 %)

–

Abdominal

2 (2 %)

4 (3 %)

–

Brain

2 (2 %)

5 (3 %)

–

Peripheral lymph nodes

34 (41 %)

4 (3 %)

–

Other or mixed sites

15 (18 %)

43 (28 %)

<0.001

 Systemic Symptoms (%)c (with weight loss)

Yes

23 (28 %)

45 (30 %)

–

No

54 (66 %)

101 (66 %)

–

Not recorded

5 (6 %)

6 (4 %)

0.901

 Systemic Symptoms (%)c (without weight loss)

Yes

27 (33 %)

64 (42 %)

–

No

50 (61 %)

82 (54 %)

–

Not recorded

5 (6 %)

6 (4 %)

0.332

 Acid Fast Bacilli (%)

Negative

47 (57 %)

88 (58 %)

–

Positive

25 (30 %)

42 (28 %)

–

Not performed

10 (12 %)

22 (14 %)

0.770

 M. tuberculosis NAAT (%)

Negative

8 (10 %)

9 (6 %)

–

Positive

20 (24 %)

24 (16 %)

–

Not performed

54 (66 %)

119 (78 %)

0.007

 M. tuberculosis Culture (%)

Negative

13 (16 %)

37 (24 %)

–

Positive

62 (76 %)

104 (68 %)

–

Not performed

7 (9 %)

11 (7 %)

0.256

Immune system functioning

 HIV status (%)

Negative

46 (56 %)

101 (66 %)

–

Positive

18 (22 %)

25 (16 %)

–

Not recorded

18 (22 %)

26 (17 %)

0.413

 Drug allergies (%)

No

34 (41 %)

60 (39 %)

–

Yes

2 (2 %)

2 (1 %)

–

Not recorded

46 (56 %)

90 (59 %)

0.688

 Immunosuppression (%)d

No

80 (98 %)

130 (8^%)

–

Yes

1 (1 %)

17 (11 %)

–

Not recorded

1 (1 %)

5 (3 %)

0.004

Potential immune–modulating lifestyle factors

 Tobacco use (%)

No

60 (73 %)

97 (64 %)

–

Yes

10 (12 %)

37 (24 %)

–

Not recorded

12 (15 %)

18 (12 %)

0.101

 Alcohol use (%)

No

59 (72 %)

85 (56 %)

–

Yes

8 (10 %)

34 (22 %)

–

Not recorded

15 (18 %)

33 (22 %)

0.007

Geometric mean (range) baseline blood test resultse (units, number of patients with variable data)

 White blood cell count (cells/μL, n = 229)

7.2 (3.1–16.1)

7.2 (2.1–18.4)

0.953

 Lymphocyte Count (cells/μL, n = 229)

1.6 (0.4–4.2)

1.6 (0.3–6.5)

0.855

 Haemoglobin (g/dL, n = 230)

11.7 (7.7–16.0)

12.0 (7.1–17.3)

0.285

 Albumin (g/dL, n = 225)

38 (16–77)

37 (9–50)

0.501

 Alkaline Phosphatase (U/L, n = 225)

134 (44–823)

123 (14–1074)

0.627

 C-Reactive Protein (mg/L, n = 203)

62 (1–280)

65 (1–396)

0.939

 Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (mm/h, n = 139)

56 (6–132)

46 (2–129)

0.017

 Vitamin D Levels (ng/mL, n = 85)

27.1 (8.6–79.4)

30.9 (6.3–168.0)

0.764

 Lactate Dehydrogenase (U/L, n = 99)

499 (294–1156)

523 (246–2127)

0.699

  1. * P values calculated using Wald tests in conditional logistic regression
  2. aDemographic information available for all patients
  3. bPulmonary, pleural, and mediastinal lymph nodes
  4. cSystemic symptoms are persistent fever and persistent night sweats
  5. dNon-HIV immunosuppressive state such as diabetes mellitus, cancer, chronic renal failure or pregnancy
  6. eLog means were used for analysis to approximate normal distributions for skewed tails