Demographic | Overall (n = 1,676,903) | White (n = 1,503,189) | Black (n = 173,714) | P-Valuea |
---|---|---|---|---|
Age (years), median (IQR) | 75 (61–83) | 76 (63–83) | 65 (50–78) | <0.0001 |
Age ≥65 years, % | 71 | 73 | 50 | <0.0001 |
Female sex, % | 59 | 59 | 58 | <0.0001 |
Geographic region, % | <0.0001 | |||
Northeast | 32 | 33 | 28 | |
Midwest | 18 | 18 | 15 | |
South | 37 | 35 | 49 | |
West | 13 | 14 | 8 | |
Hospital size, % | <0.0001 | |||
6–99 beds | 20 | 21 | 12 | |
100–199 beds | 23 | 24 | 11 | |
200–299 beds | 23 | 23 | 21 | |
300–499 beds | 21 | 21 | 31 | |
500+ beds | 13 | 11 | 25 | |
Hospital ownership, % | <0.0001 | |||
Proprietary | 14 | 15 | 11 | |
Government | 10 | 9 | 15 | |
Nonprofit | 76 | 76 | 74 | |
Principal payment source, % | <0.0001 | |||
Medicare | 69 | 71 | 58 | |
Medicaid | 6 | 5 | 17 | |
Private | 21 | 21 | 19 | |
Self-pay | 2 | 1 | 3 | |
Other | 2 | 2 | 3 | |
Admission type, % | <0.0001 | |||
Emergency | 67 | 65 | 78 | |
Urgent | 20 | 21 | 16 | |
Elective | 13 | 14 | 6 | |
Admission source, % | <0.0001 | |||
Emergency room | 59 | 59 | 67 | |
Transfer | 16 | 16 | 13 | |
Referral | 17 | 17 | 14 | |
Other | 8 | 8 | 6 | |
Selected principal diagnoses, % | ||||
Clostridium difficile infection | 32 | 32 | 31 | <0.0001 |
Pneumonia | 4 | 5 | 3 | <0.0001 |
Urinary tract infection | 3 | 2 | 5 | <0.0001 |
Cancer | 3 | 3 | 3 | <0.0001 |
Congestive heart failure | 2 | 2 | 2 | <0.0001 |
COPD | 2 | 2 | 1 | <0.0001 |
Myocardial infarction | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0.0294 |
Diabetes | 1 | 1 | 2 | <0.0001 |
Cerebrovascular disease | 1 | 1 | 2 | <0.0001 |
HIV | <1 | <1 | 2 | <0.0001 |