Prevalence of nasal colonisation by methicillin-sensitive and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus among healthcare workers and students in Madagascar

Table 4 Descriptive characteristics of healthcare workers from Antananarivo, Madagascar, with respect to carriage of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)

		Healthcare workers^a (n = 863)
			S. aureus		MRSA
Variables	Total number (N^b)	HCW^c group (n)^b	n (%)	p ^d	n (%)	p ^d
Previous hospitalisation	47	37	1 (2.7)	0.17*	0	1.0*
No previous hospitalisations	1479	816	89 (10.8)		14 (1.7)
Previous antimicrobial use^e	493	310	27 (8.7)	0.18	4 (1.3)	0.59*
No previous antimicrobial use	919	506	59 (11.7)		10 (2.0)
Unknown	108
Skin infection	214	121	15 (12.4)	0.47	3 (2.5)	0.44*
No skin infection	1300	724	74 (10.2)		11 (1.5)
Chronic illness^f	119	68	9 (13.1)	0.44	0	0.62*
No chronic illness	1358	772	79 (10.2)		14 (1.8)
Nursing at home^g	486	403	41 (10.2)	0.73	7 (1.7	0.84
No nursing at home	1025	449	49 (10.9)		7 (1.6)
Living in dormatory	190	94	7 (7.5)	0.30	0 (1.1)	0.37*
Not living in dormatory	1306	757	82 (10.8)		14 (2.7)
Contact with animals ^h	764	417	41 (9.8)	0.50	7 (1.7)	0.90
No contact with animals	784	446	50 (11.2)		7 (1.6)

^a Includes all hospital employees: medical doctors, nurses, midwives, nursing students, medical and pharmacy students, interns, occasional workers, medical technologists, pharmacists, cleaning staff, and receptionists
^b For available data
^c Healthcare worker
^d Pearson’s χ² test or * Fishers exact test
^eDuring the last 6 months
^f Chronic illness affecting the immune system
^g Nursing sick family members at home
^h Contact with pets and/or livestock such as cattle, poultry, pigs, sheep and goats

ISSN: 1471-2334