Table 1 The comparison analysis of demography, concomitant diseases, clinical features, and outcomes between tigecycline (TG) and sulbactam (SB) groups
Variables | TG groupa | SB groupa | p | OR (95 % CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
n = 84 | n = 84 | |||
Demographic parameters | ||||
Age, yr | 69.6 (15.9) | 70.6 (15.6) | 0.689 | |
Male gender | 57 (67.9) | 58 (69.0) | 0.868 | 0.946 (0.494–1.814) |
Concomitant diseases | ||||
Hepatic dysfunction | 12 (14.3) | 6 (7.1) | 0.134 | 2.167 (0.773–6.075) |
Renal insufficiency | 32 (38.1) | 32 (38.1) | 1.000 | 1.000 (0.536–1.864) |
Chronic pulmonary disease | 22 (26.2) | 20 (23.8) | 0.722 | 1.135 (0.564–2.284) |
Heart disease | 13 (15.5) | 7 (8.3) | 0.153 | 2.014 (0.761–5.333) |
Diabetes mellitus | 26 (31.0) | 35 (41.7) | 0.149 | 0.628 (0.333–1.183) |
Immune compromise | 13 (15.5) | 11 (13.1) | 0.659 | 1.215 (0.511–2.891) |
Malignancy | 15 (17.9) | 20 (23.8) | 0.342 | 0.696 (0.328–1.474) |
Surgery | 22 (26.2) | 15 (17.9) | 0.193 | 1.632 (0.778–3.423) |
Clinical conditions | ||||
APACHE II Score | 20.1 (6.1) | 20.1 (6.1) | 1.000 | |
Ventilator use | 58 (69.0) | 75 (89.3) | 0.001 | 0.268 (0.117–0.615) |
Pneumonia involving bilateral lung | 51 (60.7) | 67 (79.8) | 0.007 | 0.392 (0.197–0.781) |
Polymicrobial pneumonia, overall | 66 (78.6) | 62 (73.8) | 0.469 | 1.301 (0.638–2.654) |
Polymicrobial pneumonia, coinfection with | ||||
MRSA | 26 (31.0) | 34 (40.5) | 0.198 | 0.659 (0.349–1.245) |
Pseudomonas aeruginosa | 33 (39.3) | 23 (27.4) | 0.102 | 1.716 (0.896–3.285) |
Klebsiella spp.b | 12 (14.3) | 5 (6.0) | 0.073 | 2.633 (0.884–7.840) |
Escherichia coli | 2 (2.4) | 2 (2.4) | 1.000 | 1.000 (0.138–7.270) |
Enterobacter spp.c | 2 (2.4) | 2 (2.4) | 1.000 | 1.000 (0.138–7.270) |
Serratia marcescens | 10 (11.9) | 1 (1.2) | 0.005 | 11.216 (1.402–89.724) |
Stenotrophomonas maltophilia | 6 (7.1) | 15 (17.9) | 0.036 | 0.354 (0.130–0.962) |
Multisite infections, overall | 33 (39.3) | 35 (41.7) | 0.753 | 0.906 (0.489–1.678) |
With urinary tract infection | 13 (15.5) | 19 (22.6) | 0.238 | 0.626 (0.287–1.369) |
With catheter related infection | 2 (2.4) | 10 (11.9) | 0.017 | 0.180 (0.038–0.851) |
With soft tissue and wound infection | 10 (11.9) | 5 (6.0) | 0.176 | 2.135 (0.697–6.540) |
With intra-abdominal infection | 8 (9.5) | 4 (4.8) | 0.231 | 2.105 (0.609–7.279) |
With invasive fungal infectiond | 12 (14.3) | 4 (4.8) | 0.035 | 3.333 (1.029–10.799) |
Bacteremia during treatment | 4 (4.8) | 0 (0.0) | 0.121 | 9.447 (0.501–178.291) |
With TG or SB-resistant MDR Acb complexe | 16 (19.0) | 43 (51.2) | < 0.0001 | 0.224 (0.112–0.448) |
Treatment | ||||
Duration, days | 14.6 (5.4) | 16.4 (7.6) | 0.150 | |
Combination therapy, overall | 45 (53.6) | 71 (84.5) | < 0.0001 | 0.211 (0.102–0.439) |
With cephalosporins | 20 (23.8) | 8 (9.5) | 0.013 | 2.969 (1.226–7.192) |
With colistin | 12 (14.3) | 0 (0.0) | < 0.0001 | 29.138 (1.695–500.773) |
With carbapenems | 5 (6.0) | 60 (71.4) | < 0.0001 | 0.025 (0.009–0.070) |
With aminoglycosides | 7 (8.3) | 1 (1.2) | 0.064 | 7.545 (0.907–62.744) |
With fluoroquinolones | 12 (14.3) | 4 (4.8) | 0.035 | 3.333 (1.029–10.799) |
Delayed treatment | 35 (41.7) | 22 (26.2) | 0.034 | 2.013 (1.049–3.863) |
Outcomes | ||||
Airway eradication of MDR Acb complex without relapsef | 26 (33.3) | 47 (63.5) | < 0.0001 | 0.287 (0.147–0.560) |
Defervescence | 54 (64.3) | 76 (90.5) | < 0.0001 | 0.189 (0.081–0.445) |
Image study of lung | ||||
Improvement | 37 (44.0) | 39 (46.4) | 0.757 | 0.908 (0.495–1.668) |
Stationary | 32 (38.1) | 22 (26.2) | 0.099 | 1.734 (0.900–3.342) |
Deterioration | 15 (17.9) | 23 (27.4) | 0.140 | 0.577 (0.276–1.204) |
Clinical resolution of pneumonia | 56 (66.7) | 56 (66.7) | 1.000 | 1.000 (0.526–1.899) |
Mortality during treatment | 21 (25.0) | 15 (17.9) | 0.259 | 1.533 (0.728–3.231) |
30-day mortality | 28 (33.3) | 25 (29.8) | 0.618 | 1.180 (0.615–2.264) |