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Table 2 Manifestations in 2977 children and adults with invasive pneumococcal disease: proportions, age distribution and relative risk to die

From: Epidemiology of invasive pneumococcal infections: manifestations, incidence and case fatality rate correlated to age, gender and risk factors

 

No. (%) of all Episodes in different age groups

Fatalities

Manifestationa

0–1 y.

2–17 y.

18–50 y.

51–64 y.

65–101 y.

All ages

Died No.

CFR %

RR risk of death (95 % CI)

Septicaemia with no detectable focus

31 (32)

26 (26)

39 (7)

63 (9)

180 (12)

339 (11)

70

21

2.43 (1.91–3.10)b

Meningitis

30 (31)

16 (16)

42 (7)

47 (7)

73 (5)

208 (7)

28

13

1.40 (0.97–2.01)

- without pneumonia

30

16

38

33

52

169

23

14

1.41 (0.95–2.10)

- with concurrent pneumoniaa

0

0

4

14

21

39

5

13

1.30 (0.57–2.98)

- with concurrent acute otitis mediaa

1

2

12

10

13

38

1

3

0.26 (0.04–1.83)

Pneumonia without meningitis

24 (25)

46 (46)

478 (80)

519 (78)

1199 (79)

2266 (76)

188

8.3

0.56 (0.44–0.69)c

- with Empyema

1

2

19

19

31

72

0

0

N.A.d

- with parapneumonic effusion

0

1

24

21

58

104

6

6

0.59 (0.27–1.30)

Other manifestations without pneu. or men.

12 (12)

11 (11)

35 (6)

37 (6)

69 (5)

164 (6)

8

4.9

0.48 (0.24–0.95)c

- Other manifestation together with pneumonia or meningitisa

3

4

31

35

42

115

3

3

0.26 (0.08–0.79)c

- all patients with other manifestations.

15

15

66

72

111

279

11

4

0.38 (0.21–0.68)c

All episodesa

97

99

594

666

1521

2977

294

9.9

 
  1. aIn 147 episodes, more than one manifestation was detectable
  2. bStatistically significant higher relative risk to die than in all episodes without this manifestation
  3. cStatistically significant lower relative risk to die than in all episodes without this manifestation
  4. dNot applicable