All patients (n = 980) | Meijvis [21] (n = 304) | Endeman [23] (n = 201) | Snijders [22] (n = 213) | Vd Eerden [24] (n = 262) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Demographic characteristics | No. | No. | No. | No. | No. |
Male gender (%) | 561 (57.2) | 171 (56.3) | 124 (61.7) | 124 (58.2) | 142 (54.2) |
Age in years, median (IQR) | 67 (52–78) | 66.5 (51–79) | 68 (51.5–76) | 65 (51.5–80) | 68 (52–78) |
COPD (%) | 236 (24.2) | 34 (11.2) | 64 (31.8) | 43 (20.3) | 95 (36.7) |
Smoking (%) | 211 (28.6) | 81 (29.2) | a | 56 (26.8) | 74 (29.5) |
Nursing home resident (%) | 29 (3.0) | 16 (5.3) | 3 (1.5) | 4 (1.9) | 6 (2.3) |
PSI class IV or V (%) | 435 (44.4) | 142 (46.7) | 84 (41.8) | 94 (44.1) | 115 (43.9) |
30-Day mortality (%) | 67 (6.8) | 18 (5.9) | 8 (4.0) | 12 (5.6) | 29 (11.1) |
Aetiology (%) | |||||
Streptococcus pneumoniae | 282 (28.8) | 64 (21.1) | 60 (29.9) | 78 (36.6) | 80 (30.5) |
Haemophilus influenzae | 55 (5.6) | 9 (3.0) | 18 (9.0) | 7 (3.3) | 21 (8.0) |
Legionella species | 42 (4.3) | 12 (3.9) | 8 (4.0) | 8 (3.8) | 14 (5.3) |
Mycoplasma pneumoniae | 31 (3.2) | 5 (1.6) | 4 (2.0) | 13 (6.1) | 9 (3.4) |
Coxiella burnetii | 28 (2.9) | 27 (8.9) | 1 (0.5) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
Influenza A/B virus | 25 (2.6) | 7 (2.3) | 6 (3.0) | 3 (1.4) | 9 (3.4) |
Staphylococcus aureus | 21 (2.1) | 3 (1.0) | 6 (3.0) | 2 (0.9) | 10 (3.8) |
Chlamydia species | 16 (1.6) | 14 (4.6) | 2 (1.0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
Adenovirus | 6 (0.6) | 1 (0.3) | 1 (0.5) | 2 (0.9) | 2 (0.8) |
Other bacteria | 38 (3.9) | 15 (4.9) | 12 (6.0) | 5 (2.3) | 6 (2.3) |
Other viruses | 21 (2.1) | 11 (3.6) | 9 (4.5) | 0 (0) | 1 (0.4) |
Unidentified | 415 (42.3) | 136 (44.7) | 74 (36.8) | 95 (44.6) | 110 (42.0) |