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Table 1 Clinical features of HUS in children in Norway, 1999-2008

From: Clinical features, therapeutic interventions and long-term aspects of hemolytic-uremic syndrome in Norwegian children: a nationwide retrospective study from 1999–2008

Clinical feature

Diarrhoea-associated HUS (N = 38)

Non-diarrhea-associated HUS (N = 9)

Time first symptom to admittance (median, days)

6 (4–9)

5 (2–10)

Age at admittance (median, months/years)a

31 (range; 5 months–15 years)a

18 (range; 7 months–6 years)a

Duration of initial hospitalization (median, days)

15 (11–24)

16 (8–42)

Duration of total time hospitalizedb (median, days)

18 (12–24)

16 (8–53)

Prodromal diarrhea (n, %)

37 (97 %)

2 (22 %)

Prodromal bloody diarrhea (n, %)

27 (71 %)

2 (22 %)

Hypertension at admittance (n, %)

4 (24 %) (N = 17)

2 (33 %) (N = 6)

Hypertension registered during admittance (n, %)

30 (83 %) (N = 36)

8 (100 %) (N = 8)

Oligoanuria (n, %)

29 (76 %)

5 (56 %)

Death acute phase (n, %)

2 (5 %)

0 (0 %)

Non-renal complications

Neurological complications (n, %)

9 (24 %)

2 (22 %)

Cardiac complications (n, %)

2 (5 %)

0 (0 %)

Respiratory complications (n, %)

10 (26 %)

2 (22 %)

Gastrointestinal complications (n, %)

5 (13 %)

1 (11 %)

Sepsis (n, %)

11 (29 %)

3 (33 %)

Renal outcome

Proteinuria at first follow-up (n, %)

16 (50 %) (N = 32)

7 (78 %)

Proteinuria ≥ 1 year after initial admission (n, %)

8 (38 %) (N = 21)

4 (57 %) (N = 7)

Hypertension at first follow-up (n, %)

10 (31 %) (N = 32)

5 (56 %)

Hypertension ≥ 1 year after initial admission (n, %)

5 (26 %) (N = 19)

4 (80 %) (N = 5)

Chronic kidney disease (n, %)

2 (5 %)

1 (11 %)

End-stage renal disease (ESRD)

1 (3 %)

0 (0 %)

  1. Results are presented as number of cases, n (%) and median (interquartile range). If data on the feature was not available in all medical records, the number of cases where available is presented (N = number of cases where available). HUS hemolytic uremic syndrome
  2. aRange; smallest and highest value for illustrational purposes
  3. bTime hospitalized including all readmissions for complications and extensive (not regular) follow-up