Table 1 Summary of the 20 studies included in the review
Author | Year of publication | Design | Sample size overall | Sample size surgery/non surgery | Country | % Male | Ageb | XDR | HIV |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dravniece [26] | 2009 | rc | 254 | 77/177 | Latvia | nr | nr | nr | nr |
Gegia [35] | 2012 | pc | 380 | 37/343 | Georgia | nr | nr | 13 % | 1 % |
Karagoz [34] | 2009 | rc | 142 | 35/107 | Turkey | 100 % | 39 | nr | nr |
Keshavjee [33] | 2008 | rc | 608 | 56/552 | Russia | 83 % | ~35 | 5 % | 0.8 % |
Kim [31] | 2007 | rc | 211 | 63/148 | South Korea | 59 % | 37 | 20 % | 0 % |
Kim [32] | 2008 | rc | 1407 | 60/1347 | South Korea | 74 % | 43 | 5 % | 5 % |
Kwak [30] | 2015 | rc | 123 | 18/105 | South Korea | 56 % | 37 | 21 % | 0 % |
Kwon [22] | 2008 | rc | 155 | 35/120 | South Korea | 53 % | 40 | 17 % | 0 % |
Leimane [23] | 2005 | rc | 204 | 19/185 | Latvia | 77 % | 43 (m); 39 (f) | nr | 0.5 % |
Mitnick [24] | 2008 | rc | 48 | 7/41a | Peru | 65 % | 32 | 100 % | 0 % |
Shean [29] | 2008 | rc | 491 | 28/463 | South Africa | 59 % | nr | nr | 9 % |
Sklyuev [27] | 2013 | pc | 102 | 49/53 | not described | nr | nr | nr | nr |
Tahaoglu [28] | 2001 | rc | 158 | 36/122 | Turkey | 87 % | 42 (po); 36 (so) | 0 % | 0 % |
Torun [25] | 2007 | rc | 252 | 66/186 | Turkey | 81 % | 38 | nr | nr |
Ahuja [36] | 2012 | ma | 9153 | 499/8654 | 23 countries | 69 % | 39 | 0 % | 14 % |
Falzon [20] | 2013 | ma | 6724 | 373/6351 | Multiple countries | 69 % | 40 | 6 % | 11 % |
Fox [21] | unpublished | ma | Canada; USA; Taiwan; Korea; Japan; Estonia; UK; France | 62 % (s); 70 % (ns) | 37 (s); 39.4 (ns) | 8.6 % (s); 5.1 % (ns) | nr | ||
Johnston [37] | 2009 | ma | nr | nr | Canada | 69 % | 40 | nr | nr |
Kempker [9] | 2012 | sr | 3218 (by calculation) | 312/2906 (by calculation) | Korea, Turkey, Russia, Latvia, USA | nr | nr | nr | nr |
Marrone [10] | 2013 | ma | 5284 | 706/4578 | Canada; USA; South Africa; Germany; Spain; Netherlands; South Korea; Turkey; Russia; Latvia; Peru; Argentina; Japan | 70 % | 40 | Nr | nr |