Risk factor | Variable | Crude OR | P- value | aOR(95%CI) | P- value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age Groups (years) | <19 | Ref | - | Ref | - |
>19–29 | 0.70 (0.37–1.35) | 0.282 | 1.16 (0.63–3.92) | 0.178 | |
30–39 | 1.52 (0.86–2.65) | 0.145 | 1.86 (0.55–8.26) | 0.433 | |
40–49 | 1.73 (0.97–3.10) | 0.063 | 2.03 (0.87–4.38) | 0.609 | |
>50 | 1.28 (0.66–2.48) | 0.458 | 1.21 (0.51–2.97) | 0.124 | |
Gender | Female | Ref | - | - | - |
Male | 0.95 (0.68–1.31) | 0.736 | |||
Residence county | Garissa | Ref | - | - | Â |
Wajir | 1.09 (0.78–1.51) | 0.607 | |||
Higher education | Yes | Ref | - | Ref | - |
No | 0.39 (0.17–0.81) | <0.001 | 0.71 (0.24–0.96) | 0.038 | |
Ethnicity | Other | Ref | - | - | - |
Somali | 1.92 (1.29–3.76) | 0.004 | |||
Zoonosis knowledge | No | Ref | Â | - | - |
Yes | 0.78 (0.36–0.99) | 0.025 | |||
Occupation | Others | Ref | - | - | - |
Livestock trader | 4.09 (1.26–13.27) | 0.019 | |||
Student | 1.05 (0.26–4.14) | 0.941 | |||
General merchandise | 1.06 (0.28–3.96) | 0.932 | |||
Civil servant | 0.81 (0.39–2.76) | 0.739 | |||
Herder | 2.96 (1.15–8.34) | 0.041 | |||
Animal Contact | Cattle | Â | Â | Â | Â |
No | Ref | - | Ref | - | |
Yes | 2.65 (1.89–3.72) | <0.001 | 2.09 (1.73–5.98) | 0.004 | |
Goats | Â | Â | Â | Â | |
No | Ref | - | Ref | - | |
Yes | 4.82 (2.89–8.26) | 0.003 | 3.74 (2.52–9.40) | 0.006 | |
Frequent slaughter of animals | Â | Â | Â | Â | |
No | Ref | - | Ref | - | |
Yes | 3.44 (2.46–6.67) | <0.001 | 1.78 (1.09–2.91) | 0.021 | |
Contact with birth productsa | Ref | - | - | - | |
1.43 (0.94–2.19) | 0.089 | ||||
 | Frequent handling of raw milk | Ref | - | - | - |
1.55 (1.10–2.18) | 0.011 | ||||
Frequently graze animals | Ref | - | - | - | |
1.98 (1.34–2.92) | 0.030 | ||||
Dietary contact | Frequent consumption of raw cattle milk | Â | Â | Â | Â |
No | Ref | - | Ref | - | |
Yes | 6.43 (4.52–9.14) | <0.001 | 2.49 (1.48–4.21) | 0.001 | |
Frequent consumption of locally fermented products | Â | Â | Â | Â | |
No | Ref | - | Ref | - | |
Yes | 3.81 (2.73–5.36) | <0.001 | 1.66 (1.19–4.37) | 0.014 | |
Frequent consumption of raw goat milk | Â | Â | Â | Â | |
No | Ref | - | - | - | |
Yes | 1.77 (1.20–2.61) | 0.004 | |||
 | ALRI |  |  |  |  |
No | Ref | - | Ref | - | |
Yes | 3.61 (2.39–5.44) | <0.001 | 2.41 (1.53–6.36) | <0.001 | |
Clinical | Abdominal pain | Â | Â | Â | Â |
No | Ref | - | Ref | - | |
Yes | 1.57 (1.01–2.42) | 0.004 | 1.95 (1.08–3.58) | 0.019 | |
Diarrhoea | Â | Â | Â | Â | |
No | Ref | - | Ref | - | |
Yes | 0.60 (0.28–1.29) | 0.042 | 0.63 (0.38–1.00) | 0.047 | |
Fever onset (>14Â days) | Â | Â | Â | Â | |
No | Ref | - < 0.001 | Ref | - | |
Yes | 41.52 (19.78–87.22) |  | 36.35 (19.84–69.49) | <0.001 | |
H-L test | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.412 |
ROC (AUC) |  |  |  | 0.718 (0.673–0.784) | <0.001 |