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Table 3 Clinical, parasitological and other characteristics, and temporal patterns of change in haematocrit in children who developed late-appearing anaemia 3–6 weeks after start of treatment

From: Clinical illness and outcomes in Nigerian children with late-appearing anaemia after artemisinin-based combination treatments of uncomplicated falciparum malaria

 

aPattern 3 (n = 23)

bPattern 4 (n = 35)

cPattern 7 (n = 32)

ALL (n = 84)

P value

% of total

27

35

38

100

 

Gender M/F

14/9

15/14

18/14

47/37

0.80

Age (year)

     

 Mean (sd)

7.5(3.2)

6.1(3.3)

4.5(2.9)

5.9(3.4)

0.003

 Range

2–13

1–13

1.1–13

1–13

0.01

 No. <5 years (%)

5 (22)

10 (34)

19 (59)

34 (0.40)

Duration of illness (days)

     

 Mean (sd)

2.4(1.1)

3.0(1.0)

2.9(1.2)

2.8(1.1)

0.22

 Range

1–5

1–5

1–7

1–7

Weight (kg)

     

 Mean (sd)

19.2(5.9)

17.4(5.7)

13.5(4.8)

16.5(5.9)

0.001

 Range

9–35

7–29

6–27

6–35

Haematocrit (%)

     

 Mean (sd)

33.6(2.2)

32(2.6)

24.8(3.1)

29.6(4.8)

<0.0001

 Range

30–37

30–38

18–29

18–38

Temperature (°C)

     

 Mean (sd)

37.9(1.2)

38.5(1.0)

38.3(1.3)

38.3(1.2)

0.22

 Range

35.3–40

36.2–40.6

35.9–40.5

35.3–40.6

0.11

 No. with temp. >37.4 °C (%)

16 (70)

26 (90)

22 (69)

64 (76)

Parasitaemia (μL−1)

     

 Geometric Mean

61,756

35,466

77,324

53,464

0.049d

 Range

2880–281,538

1800–345,600

3625–467,681

1800–467,681

0.03

 No. with >100,000 μL−1(%)

4(17)

6(21)

15(47)

25(30)

FIH/1000 asexual parasite cpb

     

 Median

0.015

0.06

0.011

0.023

0.004e

 Range

0.004–0.35

0.01–0.66

0.0009–0.36

0.0009–0.66

  1. sd standard deviation, FIH fall in haematocrit, cpb cleared from peripheral blood
  2. aHaematocrit ≥30 % at presentation followed by a fall to <30 % 3–6 after start of treatment [Pattern 3]
  3. bHaematocrit ≥30 % at presentation, followed by a fall to <30 % within a few days and recovery within 1 and/or 2 weeks, and subsequent fall to <30 % 3–6 weeks after start of treatment. [Pattern 4]
  4. cHaematocrit <30 % at presentation, followed recovery within 1 and/or 2 weeks, and subsequent fall to <30 % 3–6 weeks after start of treatment [Pattern 7]
  5. dComparison showed that geometric parasitaemia was similar in Patterns 3 and 7
  6. eComparison showed that median FIH/1000 asexual parasites cleared from peripheral blood was similar in Patterns 3 and 7