Epidemiology and outcome of sepsis in adult patients with Streptococcus pneumoniae infection in a Norwegian county 1993–2011: an observational study

Table 4 Proportion of severe sepsis/septic shock according to prior patient characteristics and infection-related characteristics

Characteristic	No with severe sepsis or septic shock	Severe sepsis or septic shock in category (%)	Age-, sex- and comorbidity^a-adjusted
Characteristic	No with severe sepsis or septic shock	Severe sepsis or septic shock in category (%)	Odds ratio	95 % CI	p	Risk of severe sepsis or septic shock (%)	95 % CI
Age (years)
<70	73	36.5	1	Reference		35.0	28.7–42.0
70–79	33	31.7	0.81	0.48–1.37	0.44	30.8	22.0–39.8
≥80	41	37.2	1.24	0.75–2.10	0.39	40.7	30.8–50.5
p for trend					0.49
Sex
Male	82	37.4	1	Reference		37.6	31.2–44.0
Female	65	33.3	0.88	0.57–1.34	0.54	33.1	26.5–39.8
Charlson ComorbidityIndex (CCI)
0	46	31.9	1	Reference		33.0	24.7–41.2
1–2	70	36.8	1.10	0.64–1.91	0.73	36.5	29.5–43.3
≥3	31	38.7	1.29	0.72–2.29	0.39	37.7	26.8–48.5
p for trend					0.37
Comorbidities^a
Malignant disease	33	36.7	0.98	0.59–1.61	0.94	35.1	25.2–45.1
Renal failure	16	66.7	2.20	0.95–5.11	0.07	53.5	33.4–73.5
Diabetes mellitus	14	27,4	0.62	0.32–1.21	0.16	26..7	14.6–38.7
Hypertension	38	38.7	1.17	0.71–1.91	0.54	38.2	28.2–48.1
Coronary heart disease	37	30.3	0.66	0.38–1.15	0.14	28.3	18.4–38.2
Heart failure	23	57.5	2.82	1.39–5.74	0.004	58.1	42.0–74.1
Chronic pulmonary disease	39	40.6	1.34	0.83–2.15	0.23	40.7	30.8–50.5
Cerebral ischemic disease	12	30.0	0.69	0.33–1.43	0.32	28.3	14.4–42.2
Place of acquisition
Community acquired	112	34.7	1	Reference		34.6	29.6–40.0
Health-care associated	25	34.2	0.95	0.54–1.68	0.87	33.6	23.0–45.7
Hospital acquired	10	55.6	2.37	0.88–6.39	0.09	55.7	32.5–76.6
Time periode
1993–2002	63	47.0	1	Reference		47.3	38.9–55.7
2003–2011	84	30.0	0.47	0.30–0.72	0.01	29.9	24.5–35.2

^aThe association of age, sex, CCI and individual underlying comorbidities with the risk of severe sepsis or septic shock are not adjusted for comorbidity

ISSN: 1471-2334