Fig. 1

The role of cash transfer interventions in TB care, support and prevention: a conceptual framework. Cash transfer interventions can potentially enable equitable access to TB services (TB care), mitigate TB related-costs (TB support) and reduce TB susceptibility among people at risk (TB prevention) through impact on living conditions and the expected impact on important risk factors for TB (such as under-nutrition, HIV, inadequate housing conditions, etc.). Cash transfer interventions can be TB-specific, TB-inclusive or TB-sensitive depending on the target population. The grey box shows examples of biomedical tools against TB included in this diagram to provide a comparative synthesis of the current approach to TB care and prevention at various stages of the causal pathway. Their inclusion in this framework also aims to emphasise the importance of a multi-disciplinary response to TB based on an integrated biomedical and structural approach