Do piperacillin/tazobactam and other antibiotics with inhibitory activity against Clostridium difficile reduce the risk for acquisition of C. difficile colonization?

BMC Infectious Diseases

Table 3 Prevalence Ratios of Predictors of Asymptomatic Carriage by Log-Binomial Regression Analysis

Characteristic	Prevalence ratio (asymptomatic carriage vs. non-carriage)	95 % CI	P value
Age (per year)	0.98	0.96, 1.01	0.18
Days from admission to culture (per day)
0–7	1.00	Reference
8–14	0.79	0.33, 1.89	0.6
15–21	1.25	0.44, 3.55	0.67
≥22	1.78	0.80, 3.97	0.16
CDI in the previous 90 days	4.21	2.11, 8.40	<0.001
Any antibiotics	0.93	0.48, 1.82	0.83
Antibiotics in the past 90 days	2.70	1.15, 6.33	0.02
Antibiotics in the past 30 days	2.20	1.03, 4.73	0.04
Inhibitory antibiotic activity (vs. non-inhibitory activity) against C. difficile (among antibiotic users)	0.41	0.14, 1.22	0.11
Piperacillin/tazobactam (vs. non-inhibitory antibiotics only)	0.14	0.02, 1.14	0.06
Piperacillin/tazobactam (vs. non-inhibitory and or antibiotics in past 90 days)	0.14	0.02, 0.99	0.05
Comorbidities
Heart disease	0.64	0.31, 1.32	0.23
Cancer	1.16	0.60, 2.27	0.65
Diabetes	0.75	0.38, 1.48	0.41
End stage renal disease	1.02	0.34, 3.10	0.97
Major surgery	0.86	0.40, 1.82	0.69
Spinal cord injury	1.56	0.60, 4.03	0.36