TY - STD TI - World Health Organization. WHO Global tuberculosis report 2013. 2013. [http://www.who.int/tb/publications/global_report/en/]. Accessed 15 Mar 2016. UR - http://www.who.int/tb/publications/global_report/en/ ID - ref1 ER - TY - BOOK PY - 2013 DA - 2013// TI - Tuberculosis surveillance and monitoring in Europe 2013 PB - European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control CY - Stockholm ID - ref2 ER - TY - STD TI - Sandgren A, Hollo V, Quinten C, Manissero D. Childhood tuberculosis in the European Union/European Economic Area, 2000 to 2009. Euro Surveill. 2011;16(12). ID - ref3 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Rigouts, L. PY - 2009 DA - 2009// TI - Clinical practice: diagnosis of childhood tuberculosis JO - Eur J Pediatr VL - 168 UR - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00431-009-0988-y DO - 10.1007/s00431-009-0988-y ID - Rigouts2009 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Hesseling, A. C. AU - Schaaf, H. S. AU - Gie, R. P. AU - Starke, J. R. AU - Beyers, N. PY - 2002 DA - 2002// TI - A critical review of diagnostic approaches used in the diagnosis of childhood tuberculosis JO - Int J Tuberc Lung Dis VL - 6 ID - Hesseling2002 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Mandalakas, A. M. AU - Detjen, A. K. AU - Hesseling, A. C. AU - Benedetti, A. AU - Menzies, D. PY - 2011 DA - 2011// TI - Interferon-gamma release assays and childhood tuberculosis: systematic review and meta-analysis JO - Int J Tuberc Lung Dis VL - 15 UR - https://doi.org/10.5588/ijtld.10.0631 DO - 10.5588/ijtld.10.0631 ID - Mandalakas2011 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Trajman, A. AU - Steffen, R. E. AU - Menzies, D. PY - 2013 DA - 2013// TI - Interferon-gamma release assays versus tuberculin skin testing for the diagnosis of latent tuberculosis infection: an overview of the evidence JO - Pulm Med VL - 2013 ID - Trajman2013 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Lewinsohn, D. A. AU - Lobato, M. N. AU - Jereb, J. A. PY - 2010 DA - 2010// TI - Interferon-gamma release assays: new diagnostic tests for Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection, and their use in children JO - Curr Opin Pediatr VL - 22 UR - https://doi.org/10.1097/MOP.0b013e3283350301 DO - 10.1097/MOP.0b013e3283350301 ID - Lewinsohn2010 ER - TY - STD TI - Inc C. Clinicians guide to QuantiFERON-TB. 2001 [http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/cdrh_docs/pdf/P010033c.pdf]. Accessed 15 Mar 2016. UR - http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/cdrh_docs/pdf/P010033c.pdf ID - ref9 ER - TY - STD TI - Oxford Immunotec. T-SPOT.TB Package insert. 2012. [http://www.tspot.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/01/PI-TB-US-v5.pdf]. Accessed 15 Mar 2016. UR - http://www.tspot.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/01/PI-TB-US-v5.pdf ID - ref10 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Lalvani, A. AU - Millington, K. A. PY - 2007 DA - 2007// TI - T cell-based diagnosis of childhood tuberculosis infection JO - Curr Opin Infect Dis VL - 20 UR - https://doi.org/10.1097/QCO.0b013e32813e3fd8 DO - 10.1097/QCO.0b013e32813e3fd8 ID - Lalvani2007 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Diel, R. AU - Loddenkemper, R. AU - Nienhaus, A. PY - 2010 DA - 2010// TI - Evidence based comparison of commercial interferon-gamma release assays for detecting active tuberculosis- a meta-analysis JO - Chest VL - 137 UR - https://doi.org/10.1378/chest.09-2350 DO - 10.1378/chest.09-2350 ID - Diel2010 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Metcalfe, J. Z. AU - Everett, C. K. AU - Steingart, K. R. AU - Cattamanchi, A. AU - Huang, L. AU - Hopewell, P. C. AU - Pai, M. PY - 2011 DA - 2011// TI - Interferon-γ release assays for active pulmonary tuberculosis diagnosis in adults in low- and middle-income countries: systematic review and meta-analysis JO - J Infect Dis VL - 204 UR - https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jir410 DO - 10.1093/infdis/jir410 ID - Metcalfe2011 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Pai, M. AU - Zewerling, A. AU - Menzies, D. PY - 2008 DA - 2008// TI - Systematic review: T-cell-based assays for the diagnosis of latent tuberculosis infection: an update JO - Ann Intern Med VL - 149 UR - https://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-149-3-200808050-00241 DO - 10.7326/0003-4819-149-3-200808050-00241 ID - Pai2008 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Dheda, K. AU - Zyl, S. R. AU - Badri, M. AU - Pai, M. PY - 2009 DA - 2009// TI - T-cell interferon- γ release assays for the rapid immunodiagnosis of tuberculosis: clinical utility in high-burden vs. low-burden settings JO - Curr Opin Pulm Med VL - 15 UR - https://doi.org/10.1097/MCP.0b013e32832a0adc DO - 10.1097/MCP.0b013e32832a0adc ID - Dheda2009 ER - TY - STD TI - Mazurek GH, Jereb JA, Vernon AN, LoBue PA, Castro KG. Provisional guidelines for use of interferon gamma release assays (IGRAs) to detect Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in the United States. Atlanta: National TB Meeting; 2009 [https://www.signup4.net/Upload/NTCA10A/2004221E/2009NTC.PPT%20Presentation.Mazurek.pdf]. Accessed 15 Mar 2016. UR - https://www.signup4.net/Upload/NTCA10A/2004221E/2009NTC.PPT%20Presentation.Mazurek.pdf ID - ref16 ER - TY - BOOK PY - 2011 DA - 2011// TI - Clinical diagnosis and management of tuberculosis, and measures for its prevention and control PB - National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence CY - London ID - ref17 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Hesseling, A. C. AU - Mandalakas, A. M. AU - Kirchner, H. L. AU - Chegou, N. N. AU - Marais, B. J. AU - Stanley, K. AU - Zhu, X. AU - Black, G. AU - Beyers, N. AU - Walzl, G. PY - 2008 DA - 2008// TI - Highly discordant T-cell responses in individuals with recent household tuberculosis exposure JO - Thorax VL - 64 UR - https://doi.org/10.1136/thx.2007.085340 DO - 10.1136/thx.2007.085340 ID - Hesseling2008 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Lienhardt, C. AU - Sillah, J. AU - Fielding, K. AU - Donkor, S. AU - Manneh, K. AU - Warndorff, D. AU - Bennett, S. AU - McAdam, K. PY - 2003 DA - 2003// TI - Risk factors for tuberculosis infection in children in contact with infectious tuberculosis cases in the Gambia, West Africa JO - Pediatrics VL - 111 UR - https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.111.5.e608 DO - 10.1542/peds.111.5.e608 ID - Lienhardt2003 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Menzies, D. AU - Madhukar, P. AU - Comstock, G. PY - 2007 DA - 2007// TI - Meta-analysis: new tests for the diagnosis of latent tuberculosis infection: areas of uncertainty and recommendations for research JO - Ann Intern Med VL - 146 UR - https://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-146-5-200703060-00006 DO - 10.7326/0003-4819-146-5-200703060-00006 ID - Menzies2007 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Machingaidze, S. AU - Wiysonge, C. S. AU - Gonzalez-Angulo, Y. AU - Hatherill, M. AU - Moyo, S. AU - Hanekom, W. AU - Mahomed, H. PY - 2011 DA - 2011// TI - The utility of an interferon gamma release assay for diagnosis of latent tuberculosis infection and disease in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis JO - Pediatr Infect Dis J VL - 30 UR - https://doi.org/10.1097/INF.0b013e318214b915 DO - 10.1097/INF.0b013e318214b915 ID - Machingaidze2011 ER - TY - STD TI - Sun L, Xiao J, Miao Q, Feng W, Wu X, Yin Q, et al. Interferon gamma release assay in diagnosis of pediatric tuberculosis: a meta-analysis. FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol. 2011;63:165–73. ID - ref22 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Chiappini, E. AU - Accetta, G. AU - Bonsignori, F. AU - Boddi, V. AU - Galli, L. AU - Biggeri, A. AU - Martino, M. PY - 2012 DA - 2012// TI - Interferon-γ release assays for the diagnosis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis JO - Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol VL - 25 UR - https://doi.org/10.1177/039463201202500301 DO - 10.1177/039463201202500301 ID - Chiappini2012 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Sollai, S. AU - Galli, L. AU - Martino, M. AU - Chiappini, E. PY - 2014 DA - 2014// TI - Systematic review and meta-analysis on the utility of Interferon-gamma release assays for the diagnosis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in children: a 2013 update JO - BMC Infect Dis VL - 14 UR - https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2334-14-S1-S6 DO - 10.1186/1471-2334-14-S1-S6 ID - Sollai2014 ER - TY - STD TI - Whiting PF, Rutjes AW, Westwood ME, Mallett S, Deeks JJ, Reitsma JB, Leeflang MM, Sterne JA, Bossuyt PM. QUADAS-2: a revised tool for the quality assessment of diagnostic accuracy studies. Ann Intern Med. 2011;155:529–36. ID - ref25 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Zamora, J. AU - Abraira, V. AU - Muriel, A. AU - Khan, K. AU - Coomarasamy, A. PY - 2006 DA - 2006// TI - Meta-DiSc: a software for meta-analysis of test accuracy data JO - BMC Med Res Methodol VL - 6 UR - https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2288-6-31 DO - 10.1186/1471-2288-6-31 ID - Zamora2006 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Detjen, A. K. AU - Keil, T. AU - Roll, S. AU - Hauer, B. AU - Mauch, H. AU - Wahn, U. AU - Magdorf, K. PY - 2007 DA - 2007// TI - Interferon-gamma release assays improve the diagnosis of tuberculosis and nontuberculous mycobacterial disease in children in a country with a low incidence of tuberculosis JO - Clin Infect Dis VL - 45 UR - https://doi.org/10.1086/519266 DO - 10.1086/519266 ID - Detjen2007 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Domínguez, J. AU - Ruiz-Manzano, J. AU - Souza-Galvão, M. AU - Latorre, I. AU - Milà, C. AU - Blanco, S. AU - Jiménez, M. A. AU - Prat, C. AU - Lacoma, A. AU - Altet, N. AU - Ausina, V. PY - 2008 DA - 2008// TI - Comparison of two commercially available gamma interferon blood tests for immunodiagnosis of tuberculosis JO - Clin Vaccine Immunol VL - 15 UR - https://doi.org/10.1128/CVI.00364-07 DO - 10.1128/CVI.00364-07 ID - Domínguez2008 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Kampmann, B. AU - Whittaker, E. AU - Williams, A. AU - Walters, S. AU - Gordon, A. AU - Martinez-Alier, N. AU - Williams, B. AU - Crook, A. M. AU - Hutton, A. M. AU - Anderson, S. T. PY - 2009 DA - 2009// TI - Interferon-gamma release assays do not identify more children with active tuberculosis than the tuberculin skin test JO - Eur Respir J VL - 33 UR - https://doi.org/10.1183/09031936.00153408 DO - 10.1183/09031936.00153408 ID - Kampmann2009 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Lighter, J. AU - Rigaud, M. AU - Huie, M. AU - Peng, C. H. AU - Pollack, H. PY - 2009 DA - 2009// TI - Chemokine IP-10: an adjunct marker for latent tuberculosis infection in children JO - Int J Tuberc Lung Dis VL - 13 ID - Lighter2009 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Hansted, E. AU - Andriuskeviciene, A. AU - Sakalauskas, R. AU - Kevalas, R. AU - Sitkauskiene, B. PY - 2009 DA - 2009// TI - T-cell-based diagnosis of tuberculosis infection in children in Lithuania: a country of high incidence despite a high coverage with bacille Calmette-Guerin vaccination JO - BMC Pulm Med VL - 9 UR - https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2466-9-41 DO - 10.1186/1471-2466-9-41 ID - Hansted2009 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Bamford, A. R. AU - Crook, A. M. AU - Clark, J. E. AU - Nademi, Z. AU - Dixon, G. AU - Paton, J. Y. AU - Riddell, A. AU - Drobniewski, F. AU - Riordan, A. AU - Anderson, S. T. AU - Williams, A. AU - Walters, S. AU - Kampmann, B. PY - 2010 DA - 2010// TI - Comparison of interferon-gamma release assays and tuberculin skin test in predicting active tuberculosis (TB) in children in the UK: a paediatric TB network study JO - Arch Dis Child VL - 95 UR - https://doi.org/10.1136/adc.2009.169805 DO - 10.1136/adc.2009.169805 ID - Bamford2010 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Sun, L. AU - Yan, H. M. AU - Hu, Y. H. AU - Jiao, W. W. AU - Gu, Y. AU - Xiao, J. AU - Li, H. M. AU - Jiao, A. X. AU - Guo, Y. J. AU - Shen, A. D. PY - 2010 DA - 2010// TI - IFN-γ release assay: a diagnostic assistance tool of tuberculin skin test in pediatric tuberculosis in China JO - Chin Med J (Engl) VL - 123 ID - Sun2010 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Tsolia, M. N. AU - Mavrikou, M. AU - Critselis, E. AU - Papadopoulos, N. G. AU - Makrinioti, H. AU - Spyridis, N. P. AU - Metsou, F. AU - Tsagaraki, M. AU - Koulouri, M. AU - Kafetzis, D. A. PY - 2010 DA - 2010// TI - Whole blood interferon-γ release assay is a useful tool for the diagnosis of tuberculosis infection particularly among Bacille Calmette Guèrin-vaccinated children JO - Pediatr Infect Dis J VL - 29 UR - https://doi.org/10.1097/INF.0b013e3181ebfe8a DO - 10.1097/INF.0b013e3181ebfe8a ID - Tsolia2010 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Cruz, A. T. AU - Geltemeyer, A. M. AU - Starke, J. R. AU - Flores, J. A. AU - Graviss, E. A. AU - Smith, K. C. PY - 2011 DA - 2011// TI - Comparing the tuberculin skin test and T-SPOT.TB blood test in children JO - Pediatrics VL - 127 UR - https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2010-1725 DO - 10.1542/peds.2010-1725 ID - Cruz2011 ER - TY - STD TI - Chiappini E, Della Bella C, Bonsignori F, Sollai S, Amedei A, Galli L, Niccolai E, Del Prete G, Singh M, D'Elios MM, de Martino M. Potential role of M. tuberculosis specific IFN-γ and IL-2 ELISPOT assays in discriminating children with active or latent tuberculosis. PLoS One. 2012;7(9), e46041. ID - ref36 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Lodha, R. AU - Mukherjee, A. AU - Saini, D. AU - Saini, S. AU - Singh, V. AU - Singh, S. AU - Grewal, H. M. AU - Kabra, S. K. PY - 2013 DA - 2013// TI - Role of the QuantiFERON®-TB Gold In-Tube test in the diagnosis of intrathoracic childhood tuberculosis JO - Int J Tuberc Lung Dis VL - 17 UR - https://doi.org/10.5588/ijtld.13.0348 DO - 10.5588/ijtld.13.0348 ID - Lodha2013 ER - TY - STD TI - Blandinières A, de Lauzanne A, Guérin-El Khourouj V, Gourgouillon N, See H, Pédron B, et al. QuantiFERON to diagnose infection by Mycobacterium tuberculosis: performance in infants and older children. J Infect. 2013;67(5):391–8. ID - ref38 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Jenum, S. AU - Selvam, S. AU - Mahelai, D. AU - Jesuraj, N. AU - Cárdenas, V. AU - Kenneth, J. AU - Hesseling, A. C. AU - Doherty, T. M. AU - Vaz, M. AU - Grewal, H. M. PY - 2014 DA - 2014// TI - Influence of age and nutritional status on the performance of the tuberculin skin test and QuantiFERON-TB gold in-tube in young children evaluated for tuberculosis in Southern India JO - Pediatr Infect Dis J VL - 33 UR - https://doi.org/10.1097/INF.0000000000000399 DO - 10.1097/INF.0000000000000399 ID - Jenum2014 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Chiappini, E. AU - Bonsignori, F. AU - Mazzantini, R. AU - Sollai, S. AU - Venturini, E. AU - Mangone, G. AU - Cortimiglia, M. AU - Olivito, B. AU - Azzari, C. AU - Galli, L. AU - Martino, M. PY - 2014 DA - 2014// TI - Interferon-gamma release assay sensitivity in children younger than 5 years is insufficient to replace the use of tuberculin skin test in western countries JO - Pediatr Infect Dis J VL - 33 UR - https://doi.org/10.1097/INF.0000000000000432 DO - 10.1097/INF.0000000000000432 ID - Chiappini2014 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Petrone, L. AU - Cannas, A. AU - Aloi, F. AU - Nsubuga, M. AU - Sserumkuma, J. AU - Nazziwa, R. A. AU - Jugheli, L. AU - Lukindo, T. AU - Girardi, E. AU - Reither, K. AU - Goletti, D. PY - 2015 DA - 2015// TI - Blood or urine IP-10 cannot discriminate between active tuberculosis and respiratory diseases different from tuberculosis in children JO - Biomed Res Int VL - 2015 UR - https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/589471 DO - 10.1155/2015/589471 ID - Petrone2015 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Starke, J. R. PY - 2014 DA - 2014// TI - Interferon-γ release assays for diagnosis of tuberculosis infection and disease in children JO - Pediatrics VL - 134 UR - https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2014-2983 DO - 10.1542/peds.2014-2983 ID - Starke2014 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Soysal, A. AU - Türel, O. AU - Toprak, D. AU - Bakir, M. PY - 2008 DA - 2008// TI - Comparison of positive tuberculin skin test with an interferon-gamma-based assay in unexposed children JO - Jpn J Infect Dis VL - 61 ID - Soysal2008 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Taylor, R. E. AU - Cant, A. J. AU - Clark, J. E. PY - 2008 DA - 2008// TI - Potential effect of NICE tuberculosis guidelines on paediatric tuberculosis screening JO - Arch Dis Child VL - 93 UR - https://doi.org/10.1136/adc.2006.106617 DO - 10.1136/adc.2006.106617 ID - Taylor2008 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Mazurek, G. H. AU - Jereb, J. AU - Lobue, P. AU - Iademarco, M. F. AU - Metchock, B. AU - Vernon, A. PY - 2005 DA - 2005// TI - Guidelines for using the QuantiFERON®-TB Gold test for detecting Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection, United States JO - MMWR Recomm Rep VL - 54 ID - Mazurek2005 ER - TY - BOOK PY - 2012 DA - 2012// TI - Tuberculosis (TB), Fact sheets. Testing and diagnosis. Interferon-gamma release assays (IGRAs) - blood tests for TB infection ID - ref46 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Keyser, E. AU - Keyser, F. AU - Baets, F. PY - 2014 DA - 2014// TI - Tuberculin skin test versus interferon-gamma release assays for the diagnosis of tuberculosis infection JO - Acta Clin Belg VL - 69 UR - https://doi.org/10.1179/2295333714Y.0000000043 DO - 10.1179/2295333714Y.0000000043 ID - Keyser2014 ER - TY - STD TI - Borgia P, Cambieri A, Chini F, Coltella L, Delogu G, Di Rosa E, Fadda G, Giorgi Rossi P, Girardi E, Goletti D, Guasticchi G, Morrone A, Pezzotti P, Romagnoli C, Sacerdote M, Russo C, Villani A, Zarelli L. Suspected transmission of tuberculosis in a maternity ward from a smear-positive nurse: preliminary results of clinical evaluations and testing of neonates potentially exposed, Rome, Italy, 1 January to 28 July 2011. Euro Surveill. 2011;16(40). ID - ref48 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Amicosante, M. AU - Ciccozzi, M. AU - Markova, R. PY - 2010 DA - 2010// TI - Rational use of immunodiagnostic tools for tuberculosis infection: guidelines and cost effectiveness studies JO - New Microbiol VL - 33 ID - Amicosante2010 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Giri, P. AU - Basu, S. AU - Sargeant, T. AU - Rimmer, A. AU - Pirzada, O. AU - Adisesh, A. PY - 2014 DA - 2014// TI - Pre-placement screening for tuberculosis in healthcare workers JO - Occup Med (Lond) VL - 64 UR - https://doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqu107 DO - 10.1093/occmed/kqu107 ID - Giri2014 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Mazurek, G. H. AU - Jereb, J. AU - Vernon, A. AU - LoBue, P. AU - Goldberg, S. AU - Castro, K. PY - 2010 DA - 2010// TI - Updated guidelines for using Interferon Gamma Release Assays to detect Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection - United States, 2010 JO - MMWR Recomm Rep VL - 59 ID - Mazurek2010 ER -