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Table 2 Patient characteristics of patients included pre- and post-intervention

From: An audit and feedback intervention study increased adherence to antibiotic prescribing guidelines at a Norwegian hospital

 

Pre-intervention

Post-intervention

P-value

 

n

(%)

n

(%)

 

Study participants

253

 

155

  

Female

126

(49.8)

75

(48.4)

NS

Age, years

    

NS

 Mean (range)

71.4

(78)

72.1

(75)

 

 Median

73.0

 

73.0

  

Infection

     

 AECOPD

104

(41.4)

45

(29.0)

0.014

 Community-acquired pneumonia

149

(58.9)

110

(71.0)

 

Nursing home residents

25

(9.9)

9

(5.8)

NS

Penicillin allergy

32

(12.6)

9

(5.8)

0.03

Risk factors for non-common bacteria or resistant bacteria

     

 Malignity or immunocompromised

36

(14.2)

24

(15.5)

NS

 Preceding hospitalization last 30d

57

(22.5)

24

(15.5)

NS

Microbiological diagnostics

     

 Blood culture

172

(68.0)

125

(80.6)

0.005

 Nasopharynx and/or expectorate

205

(81.0)

141

(91.0)

0.007

 Pneumococcal urinary antigen test

149

(58.9)

92

(59.4)

NS

 Othera

157

(62.1)

104

(67.1)

NS

 None

16

(6.3)

5

(3.2)

NS

Aetiology

     

S.pneumoniae

30

(11.9)

16

(10.3)

NS

H.influenzae

12

(4.7)

13

(8.4)

NS

 Other bacteria

15

(5.9)

11

(7.1)

NS

 Influenza virus A or B

24

(9.6)

18

(11.6)

NS

 Other respiratory viruses

34

(13.4)

30

(19.4)

NS

 None identified

159

(62.8)

89

(57.4)

NS

CRB-65 score

    

NS

 0

25

(16.8)

16

(14.5)

 

 1

57

(38.3)

42

(38.2)

 

 2

48

(32.2)

32

(29.1)

 

 3

7

(4.7)

11

(10.0)

 

 4

2

(1.3)

1

(0.9)

 

 Missing data

10

(6.7)

8

(7.3)

 

Clinical outcomes

     

 Length of stay, median (range)

5.3

(34)

5.9

(33)

NS

 30 day mortality

18

(7.1)

14

(9.0)

NS

 30 day readmission

55

(22.8)

24

(16.7)

NS

  1. AECOPD Acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, CRB-65 Confusion, respiration, blood pressure and age ≥ 65y, aHigh prevalence due to urinary samples are included. For more detailed information on microbiological diagnostics, see Additional files 2, 3 and 4