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Table 3 Multivariable logistic regression to determine the association of the PITC intervention with HIV testing rate and HIV case finding in the outpatient department of 6 health facilities (upper panel) and in the outpatient and voluntary counseling and testing departments combined of the same 6 health facilities (lower panel); Rwanda, 2009-2010

From: Does provider-initiated HIV testing and counselling lead to higher HIV testing rate and HIV case finding in Rwandan clinics?

 

HIV testing rate

HIV case finding

OPD only

n/N (%)

aOR

(95 % CI)

P

n/N (%)

aOR

(95 % CI)

P

Study phase

 Phase 1

1,234/26,367 (4.7 %)

1

 

<0.001

67/26,367 (0.25 %)

1

 

<0.001

 Phase 3

5,065/29,864 (17 %)

4.57

(4.26-4.90)

 

136/29,864 (0.46 %)

1.97

(1.41-2.76)

 

Study site

 Ruhengeri

807/9,088 (8.9 %)

1

 

<0.001

19/9,088 (0.21 %)

1

 

<0.001

 Muhoza

1,732/18,892 (9.2 %)

1.18

(1.08-1.30)

 

53/18,892 (0.28 %)

1.87

(1.06-3.31)

 

 Kibagabaga

553/5,596 (9.9 %)

0.79

(0.69-0.89)

 

41/5,596 (0.73 %)

3.10

(1.69-5.68)

 

 Kinyinya

345/6,072 (5.7 %)

0.55

(0.48-0.63)

 

25/6,072 (0.41 %)

2.32

(1.24-4.35)

 

 Kimironko

992/10,659 (9.3 %)

0.97

(0.88-1.08)

 

52/10,659 (0.49 %)

3.13

(1.78-5.51)

 

 Rwaza

1,870/5,924 (31.6 %)

4.65

(4.21-5.13)

 

13/5,924 (0.22 %)

1.19

(0.57-2.49)

 

Sex

 Females

3,685/34,610 (10.7 %)

1

 

<0.001

111/34,610 (0.32 %)

1

 

0.078

 Males

2,597/21,035 (12.4 %)

1.19

(1.13-1.26)

 

92/21,035 (0.44 %)

1.30

(0.98-1.73)

 

Age group (years)

 15 - 24

2,275/19,643 (11.6 %)

1

 

<0.001

35/19,643 (0.18 %)

1

 

<0.001

 25 - 34

1,732/16,687 (10.4 %)

0.93

(0.87-1.00)

 

65/16,687 (0.39 %)

2.09

(1.38-3.16)

 

 35 - 44

863/7,648 (11.3 %)

0.92

(0.84-1.01)

 

48/7,648 (0.63 %)

3.73

(2.41-5.78)

 

 ≥45

1,270/11,470 (11.1 %)

0.77

(0.71-0.83)

 

42/11,470 (0.37 %)

2.38

(1.52-3.71)

 

OPD & VCT combined

n/N (%)

aOR

(95 % CI)

P

n/N (%)

aOR

(95 % CI)

P

Study phase

 Phase 1

5,779/30,914 (18.7 %)

1

 

<0.001

311/30,914 (1.01 %)

1

 

<0.001

 Phase 3

8,442/33,242 (25.4 %)

1.67

1.60-1.73

 

348/33,242 (1.05 %)

1.09

0.93-1.28

 

Study site

 Ruhengeri

807/9,088 (8.9 %)

1

 

<0.001

19/9,088 (0.21 %)

1

 

<0.001

 Muhoza

6,673/23,833 (28.0 %)

3.95

3.65-4.28

 

270/23,833 (1.13 %)

6.26

3.78-10.38

 

 Kibagabaga

959/6,004 (16.0 %)

1.49

1.34-1.66

 

104/6,004 (1.73 %)

8.27

4.87-14.06

 

 Kinyinya

1,223/6,950 (17.6 %)

1.91

1.73-2.10

 

94/6,950 (1.35 %)

7.22

4.25-12.28

 

 Kimironko

1,763/11,431 (15.4 %)

1.58

1.44-1.73

 

153/11,431 (1.34 %)

7.39

4.41-12.38

 

 Rwaza

2,796/6,850 (40.8 %)

7.04

6.43-7.70

 

19/6,850 (0.28 %)

1.57

0.81-3.06

 

Sex

       

0.417

 Females

8,242/39,170 (21.0 %)

1

 

<0.001

413/39,170 (1.05 %)

1

  

 Males

5,959/24,397 (24.4 %)

1.34

1.29-1.39

 

246/24,397 (1.01 %)

0.93

0.80-1.10

 

Age group (years)

 15 - 24

5,498/22,867 (24.0 %)

1

 

<0.001

157/22,867 (0.69 %)

1

 

<0.001

 25 - 34

4,728/19,685 (24.0 %)

1.11

1.06-1.16

 

270/19,685 (1.37 %)

2.02

1.65-2.46

 

 35 - 44

1,887/8,672 (21.8 %)

0.91

0.85-0.96

 

128/8,672 (1.48 %)

2.42

1.91-3.06

 

 ≥45

1,933/12,133 (15.9 %)

0.54

0.51-0.58

 

90/12,133 (0.74 %)

1.34

1.03-1.73

 
  1. Abbreviations: aOR adjusted Odds ratio, CI confidence interval, OPD outpatient department, VCT voluntary counselling and testing
  2. Upper panel, OPD only data; information on age was missing from 783 attendees and information on sex from 586 attendees
  3. Lower panel, OPD & VCT data combined: information on age was missing from 799 attendees and information on sex from 589 attendees
  4. Adjusted odds ratios are adjusted for the other variables in the Table