Table 3 Artemether and dihydroartemisinin pharmacokinetic parameters in HIV-1 infected patients who are antiretroviral (ARV)-naïve or on lopinavir-based antiretroviral therapy (ART), after artemether-lumefantrine dose 1 (0–8 hours) and dose 6 (60–68 hours)

Artemether

59.7 (37.8–88.9)

85.8 (39.7–145)

0. 16

11.9 (8.2–17.5)

16.5 (7.2–50.5)

0.35

1.5 (1.5–2.0)

1.8 (1.5–3.0)

0. 97

61.5 (61.5–62.0)

61.5 (61.5–62.0)

0. 84

151.0 (110.7–220.6)

220.0 (113.9–431.2)

0.17

71.1 (45.5–114.2)

93.8 (37.5–219.1)

0. 37

1.5 (1.1–1.7)

1.4 (0.9–1.6)

0. 39

2.9 (1.8–5.4)

3.0 (1.9–3.4)

0. 68

Dihydroartemisinin

42.2 (31.8–63.1)

77.5 (59.4–102)

0.004

40.0 (31.2–66.7)

65.8 (38.2–92.7)

0.21

2.0 (1.5–4.0)

2.0 (1.5–3.0)

0.41

61.5 (61.5–62.0)

61.6 (61.5–62.5)

0.71

123.8 (101.3–235.6)

283.6 (178.1–340.7)

0.001

165.7 (143.7–246.5)

243.5 (145.1–305.0)

0.27

1.6 (1.3–2.1)

1.4 (1.1–1.6)

0. 07

2.0 (1.8–2.7)

1.8 (1.5–2.0)

0. 02