Table 7 Summary of key variables from studies of PICU-associated influenza in Germany, 2005–2013. Data were collected in Germany during the pre-pandemic period 2005/06–2007/08 [18], in Germany during the pandemic season 2009/10 [19], and in Bavaria (Southern Germany) during the post-pandemic period 2010/11–2012/13 (this study)
Key variables of PICU patients | Pre-pandemic (2005/06–2007/08) | Pandemic (2009/10) | Post-pandemic (2010/11–2012/13) | Pre-pandemic vs. post-pandemicb |
|---|---|---|---|---|
N = 20 | N = 89a | N = 47 | p-value | |
Male sex; n (%) | 12 (60) | 56 (60) | 28 (60) | 1.000 |
Age at ICU admission, in years (median, IQR) | 7.5 (0.5–12.75) | 4.5 (1.3–9.3) | 4.8 (1.6–11.0) | 0.727 |
Duration of ICU stay, in days (median, IQR) | 19 (12–38) | 8 (3–17) | 3 (1–11) | 0.006 |
Chronic underlying conditions; n (%) | 11 (55) | 63 (74) | 36 (77) | 0.089 |
Complications/diagnoses | ||||
Influenza-associated pneumonia; n (%) | 12 (60) | 66 (74) | 29 (62) | 1.000 |
Bronchitis/bronchiolitis; n (%) | 6 (30) | 11 (12) | 15 (32) | 1.000 |
Secondary bacterial pneumonia; n (%) | 5 (25) | 15 (17) | 12 (26) | 1.000 |
ARDS; n (%) | 5 (25) | 22 (25) | 10 (21) | 0.756 |
Sepsis; n (%) | 3 (15) | 5 (6) | 6 (13) | 1.000 |
Encephalitis/encephalopathy; n (%) | 5 (25) | 6 (7) | 1 (2) | 0.008 |
Co-infections; n (%) | 13 (65) | n.a. | 16 (34) | 0.030 |
Oseltamivir treatment; n (%) | 10 (50) | 51 (61) | 9 (19) | 0.017 |
Mechanical ventilation; n (%) | 10 (50) | 56 (65) | 22 (47) | 1.000 |
Death; n (%) | 2 (10) | 11 (12) | 5 (11) | 1.000 |
Influenza A(H1N1)pdm09; n (%) | 0 (0) | 89 (100) | 32 (68) | <0.001 |