Table 3 Department characteristics
Departments | Internal Medicine (n = 19) | Urology (n = 19) | Total (n = 38) |
|---|---|---|---|
Number of beds, mean (SD) | 67 (22) | 18 (9) | 43 (30) |
% Female physicians, mean (SD) | 33 (13) | 17 (15) | 25 (16) |
Teaching hospital department* | 17 (89) | 12 (63) | 29 (76) |
Residents working at the department | 19 (100) | 16 (84) | 35 (92) |
Microbiological laboratory in the same building as the department | 12 (63) | 8 (42) | 20 (53) |
Reporting of a positive urine culture by phone (incidentally or structurally) | 0 | 2 (11) | 2 (5) |
Structurala education on antibiotics for residents | 14 (74) | 4 (21) | 18 (47) |
Structural education on antibiotics for senior staff members | 4 (21) | 0 | 4 (11) |
Audit and feedback (incidentallyb or structurally) | Â | Â | Â |
On antibiotic prescriptionsc, at the department level | 2 (11) | 8 (42) | 10 (26) |
On antibiotic prescriptionsc, at the individual level | 0 | 2 (11) | 2 (5) |
On antibiotic resistance rates of the hospital | 9 (47) | 12 (63) | 21 (55) |
Individual advice (of microbiologist/ pharmacist/ infectious diseases (ID) physician), incidentally or structurally, regarding streamlining therapy on the basis of blood or urine culture result | 16 (84) | 16 (84) | 32 (84) |
Microbiologist and/or ID physician structurally present at ward rounds discussing antibiotic therapy | 6 (32) | 0 | 6 (16) |
Quality improvement project concerning antibiotic prescribing in past 3 years | 8 (42) | 7 (37) | 15 (40) |
Changes in antibiotic procedures or policies in past 3 yearsd | 13 (68) | 14 (74) | 27 (71) |