Table 1 Clinical and microbiological characteristics of 45 patients according to first-line decolonization results

Median age (range), yrs

57 (19–86)

56 (19–84)

60 (20–86)

Male, n (%)

20 (44 %)

9 (47 %)

11 (42 %)

Underlying diseases, n (%)

 ▪ Renal transplant

12 (27 %)

5 (26 %)

7 (27 %)

 ▪ Other solid organ transplant

1 (2 %)

1 (5 %)

-

 ▪ Autoimmune/collagen vascular disease

4 (9 %)

1 (5 %)

3 (12 %)

 ▪ Obstructive uropathy

16 (36 %)

5 (26 %)

11 (42 %)

 ▪ Nephrolithiasis

1 (2 %)

1 (5 %)

-

 ▪ Lymphoma or cancer

6 (13 %)

4 (21 %)

2 (8 %)

 ▪ CVID

2 (4 %)

1 (5 %)

1 (4 %)

 ▪ Other

11 (24 %)

4 (21 %)

7 (27 %)

Previous infections, n (%)

 ▪ Urinary tract infection

38 (84 %)

16 (84 %)

22 (85 %)

 ▪ Bloodstream

9 (20 %)

4 (21 %)

5 (19 %)

 ▪ Wound infection

5 (11 %)

3 (16 %)

2 (8 %)

 ▪ Respiratory tract infection

2 (4 %)

1 (5 %)

1 (4 %)

 ▪ other sites

2 (4 %)

1 (5 %)

1 (4 %)

Microorganisms, n (%)

 ▪ E.coli

29 (64 %)

11 (58 %)

18 (69 %)

 ▪ E.coli plus other

9 (20 %)

5 (26 %)

4 (15 %)

 ▪ Klebsiella pneumoniae

6 (13 %)

2 (11 %)

4 (15 %)

 ▪ Enterobacter aerogenes

1 (2 %)

1 (5 %)

-

In vitro resistance (E.coli) (n = 38), n (%)

 ▪ Ciprofloxacin

33 (87 %)

13 (81 %)

20 (91 %)

 ▪ Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole

35 (92 %)

14 (88 %)

21 (95 %)

 ▪ Gentamicin

21 (55 %)

7 (50 %)

14 (64 %)

 ▪ Tetracycline

33 (87 %)

14 (88 %)

19 (86 %)

 ▪ Fosfomycin

-

-

-

 ▪ Nitrofurantoin

2 (5 %)

-

2 (9 %)

Decolonization regimen, n (%)

 ▪ Colistin 4 × 1

18 (40 %)

7 (37 %)

11 (42 %)

 ▪ Colistin 4 × 2

12 (27 %)

3 (16 %)

9 (35 %)

 ▪ Rifaximin

15 (33 %)

9 (47 %)

6 (23 %)

Initial additional UTI treatment, n (%)

26 (58 %)

8 (42 %)

18 (69 %)

 ▪ Oral fosfomycin

9 (20 %)

2 (11 %)

7 (27 %)

 ▪ Oral nitrofurantoin

3 (7 %)

1 (5 %)

2 (8 %)

 ▪ Oral cefpodoxime + amoxi-clav

7 (16 %)

4 (21 %)

3 (12 %)

 ▪ Parenteral carbapenem

7 (16 %)

1 (5 %)

6 (23 %)