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Table 4 Predictors of mortality in HIV-positive adults on MDR-TB treatment at Sizwe Tropical Disease Hospital, Johannesburg

From: Treatment outcomes in multidrug resistant tuberculosis-human immunodeficiency virus Co-infected patients on anti-retroviral therapy at Sizwe Tropical Disease Hospital Johannesburg, South Africa

 

aUnivariable Analysis

bMultivariable Analysis

Factor

OR (95 % CI)

p-value

OR (95 % CI)

p-value

ART regimen

    

 After

1.00

 

1.00

 

 Prior

1.49 (1.06–2.09)

0.021*

1.65 (1.00–2.73)

0.050*

Age

1.01 (0.99–1.03)

0.481

  

Sex

    

 Female

1.00

 

1.00

 

 Male

1.08 (0.78–1.49)

0.661

1.58 (0.94–2.66)

0.085

Site of TB

    

 Pulmonary

1.00

   

 Extra-Pulmonary + Pulmonary

1.40 (0.94–2.09)

0.098

  

BMI categories (kg/m2)

    

 Severely Underweight (<16)

4.61 (2.77–7.68)

<0.001*

3.71 (1.89–7.29)

<0.001*

 Underweight (≥16–18.49)

2.33 (1.49–3.65)

<0.001*

2.35 (1.30–4.26)

0.005*

 Normal (≥18.5–24.99)

1.00

 

1.00

 

 Overweight/ obese (25–29.99)

1.20 (0.57–2.51)

0.630

2.30 (0.92–5.71)

0.074

Co-trimoxazole Prophylaxis

    

 No

1.00

 

1.00

 

 Yes

1.33 (0.62–2.89)

0.464

1.30 (0.47–3.54)

0.613

CD4 Categories (mls/mm3)

    

 <150

2.88 (1.62–5.14)

<0.001*

1.56 (0.73–3.38)

0.243

 150–349

0.91 (0.48–1.72)

0.770

0.63 (0.28–1.42)

0.266

 ≥350

1.00

 

1.00

 

Haemoglobin (g/dl)

0.76 (0.70–0.82)

<0.001*

0.90 (0.79–1.02)

0.090

Infiltrative changes on x-ray

    

 No

1.00

   

 Yes

0.74 (0.33–1.67)

0.470

  

Cavitary changes on x-ray

    

 No

1.00

 

1.00

 

 Yes

1.25 (0.89–1.74)

0.191

1.76 (1.08–2.85)

0.023*

Fibrotic changes on x-ray

    

 No

1.00

   

 Yes

1.17 (0.71–1.91)

0.527

  

Other Opportunistic Infections

    

 No

1.00

 

1.00

 

 Yes

2.54 (1.82–3.55)

<0.001*

1.80 (1.10–2.94)

0.019*

Comorbidity

    

 No

1.00

 

1.00

 

 Yes

3.97 (2.64–5.97)

<0.001*

2.26 (1.20–4.27)

0.012*

Adverse events

    

 No

1.00

 

1.00

 

 Yes

1.45 (1.04–2.02)

0.028*

1.09 (0.68–1.77)

0.720

Regimen type at baseline

    

 Standardised

1.00

   

 Modified individualised

1.55 (1.10–2.19)

0.013*

  
  1. OR Odds ratio, 95 % CI (Confidence interval)
  2. aUnadjusted model
  3. bAdjusted for BMI, haemoglobin, CD4, and other opportunistic infections
  4. *Significant p <0.05