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Table 3 Clinical signs at presentation

From: Risk factors for severe hand foot mouth disease in Singapore: a case control study

 

Cases (n = 24)

Controls (n = 48)

p valuea

GCS < 15 at presentation

7 (29 %)

0 (0 %)

<0.001

Deterioration in GCSa

4 (17 %)

0 (0 %)

0.010

Seizure on arrival

6 (25 %)

0 (0 %)

0.001

Altered mentation

11 (46 %)

0 (0 %)

<0.001

Poor peripheral perfusion

8 (33 %)

0 (0 %)

<0.001

Distribution of rash and presence of ulcers (N = 23 vs 48)

   

 Typical hands and feet rash and oral ulcers

15 (63 %)

41 (85 %)

0.037

 Absence of oral ulcers

6 (25 %)

4 (8 %)

0.066

Meningeal irritation

4 (17 %)

0 (0 %)

0.010

  1. aAny drop in GCS