Table 2 Rotavirus-associated MERS in children: review of the literature
Author, year, location, reference, | Sex, age (years) | Prodromal symptoms | Interval to initial neurological symptom (days) | CNS symptoms | Serum Na (mEq/l) | Stool detection of RV | Serum detection of RV | CSF detection of RV | Interval to disappearance of SCC lesion (days) | EEG findings | Treatment | Outcome |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Kobata et al, 2002 Japan [8] | F, 2 | Fever, diarrhoea, vomiting | 2 | DC (24 h), seizures | 136 | (+) G1 | NE | NE | 5 | NE | Diazepam PR one dose | NS |
Isotonic fluids | ||||||||||||
Natsume et al, 2006 Japan [12] | F, 2 | Diarrhoea, vomiting | 3 | Cluster of seizures | Normal | (+) | NE | NE | 9 | NAD | Diazepam PR one dose, phenobarbital IM one dose | NS |
Fukuda et al, 2009 Japan [10] | M, 2 | Fever, diarrhoea, vomiting | 3 | DC (24 h) | 130 | (+) G3 | NE | (–) | 5 | GDSW | Midazolam infusion 0.1 mg/kg/h for 1 day | NS |
Methylprednisolone 24 mg/kg/day for 3 days | ||||||||||||
Kato et al, 2009 Japan [9] | F, 1 | Fever, diarrhoea, vomiting | 4 | Seizures | 137 | (+) | NE | (–) | 6 | Spikes and slow waves in the right occipital area | Diazepam | NS |
Jang and Lee, 2010 Korea [16] | F, 2 | Fever, diarrhoea, vomiting | 2 | Seizures | 138 | (+) | NE | NE | 6 | NAD | Empiric antibiotics, aciclovir | NS |
Isotonic fluids | ||||||||||||
Arakawa et al, 2011 Japan [11] | M, 3 | Diarrhoea, vomiting | 3 | DC (24 h) | 128 | (+) G9P[8] | (–) | NE | 6 | NE | Osmotic diuretic, isotonic fluids | NS |
Arakawa et al, 2011 Japan [11] | M, 3 | Fever, vomiting | 3 | DC (24 h) | 129 | (+) G3P[8] | (+) G3 | NE | 7 | NE | Osmotic diuretic, isotonic fluids | NS |
Fuchigami et al, 2013 Japan [15] | F, 4 | Fever, diarrhoea, vomiting | 4 | DC (6 days), seizures | 140 | (+) G1P[8] | (+) G1 | (–) | 7 | GDSW | Osmotic diuretic, isotonic fluids | NS |
Methylprednisolone 30 mg/kg/day for 3 days | ||||||||||||
Matsuoka et al, 2013 Japan [17] | M, 4 | Diarrhoea, vomiting | 4 | DC (7 h), seizures | 132 | (+)/ G5P[6] | (–) | (–) | 8 | NAD | No treatment | NS |
Yokoyama et al, 2013 Japan [13] | M, 2 | Fever, diarrhoea, vomiting | 2 | Seizures | Normal | (+) | NE | (–) | 9 | NAD | Phenobarbital PO for 9 days | NS |
Kashiwagi et al, 2014 Japan [19] | M, 5 | Fever, diarrhoea, vomiting | 1 | DC (32.5 h) | 133 | (+) | ND | ND | ND | GDSW | Methylprednisolone for 3 days | NS |
Mazur-Melewska et al, 2015 Poland [14] | F, 6 | Diarrhoea, vomiting | 2 | Cluster of seizures, DC | 137 | (+) | NE | NE | 12 | Slowed waves in the posterior occipito-temporal area | Dexamethasone | NS |
0.4 mg/kg/day for 5 days | ||||||||||||
Isotonic fluids | ||||||||||||
Pan et al, 2015 China [18] | F, 2 | Fever, diarrhoea, vomiting | ND | Seizures (twice) | 134 | (+) | ND | ND | 5 | NAD | Methylprednisolone pulse and oral prednisolone | NS |
Osmotic diuretic, isotonic fluids | ||||||||||||
Present case | M, 4 | Fever, diarrhoea, vomiting | 3 | DC (24 h) | 131 | (+) G1P[8] | NE | (–) | NE | GDSW, more prominent in the right hemisphere | Ceftriaxone, clarithromycin, aciclovir for 5 days | NS |
Isotonic fluids |