Table 2 Demographic and clinical information of participating prison inmates according to HIV status
Characteristics | Overall(n = 294) | HIV positive (n = 131; 44.6 %) | HIV negative (n = 163; 55.4 %) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Â | No. | % | No. | % | No. | % |
Age group (years) | ||||||
 20-29 | 67 | 22.8 | 17 | 13.0 | 50 | 30.7 |
 30-39 | 115 | 39.1 | 55 | 42.0 | 60 | 36.8 |
 40-49 | 80 | 27.2 | 49 | 37.4 | 31 | 19.0 |
 50-59 | 26 | 8.8 | 8 | 6.1 | 18 | 11.0 |
 60-69 | 6 | 2.0 | 2 | 1.5 | 4 | 2.5 |
Ethnicity | ||||||
 Malay | 171 | 58.2 | 84 | 64.1 | 87 | 53.4 |
 Chinese | 44 | 15.0 | 14 | 10.7 | 30 | 18.4 |
 Indian | 62 | 21.1 | 26 | 19.8 | 36 | 22.1 |
 Sabah Bumiputera | 8 | 2.7 | 1 | 0.8 | 7 | 4.3 |
 Sarawak Bumiputera | 2 | 0.7 | 1 | 0.8 | 1 | 0.6 |
 Immigrants | 7 | 2.4 | 5 | 3.8 | 2 | 1.2 |
Duration in prison (months) | ||||||
 0-3 | 161 | 54.8 | 71 | 54.2 | 90 | 55.2 |
 4-6 | 59 | 20.1 | 12 | 9.2 | 47 | 28.8 |
 7-9 | 26 | 8.8 | 5 | 3.8 | 21 | 12.9 |
 10-12 | 7 | 2.8 | 4 | 3.1 | 3 | 1.8 |
 >12 | 41 | 13.9 | 39 | 29.8 | 2 | 1.2 |
Education attainment | ||||||
 No formal education | 10 | 3.4 | 8 | 6.1 | 2 | 1.2 |
 Primary school | 72 | 24.5 | 27 | 20.6 | 45 | 27.6 |
 Secondary school | 202 | 68.7 | 94 | 71.8 | 108 | 66.3 |
 Tertiary school | 10 | 3.4 | 2 | 1.5 | 8 | 4.9 |
Symptoms related to GITa infection | ||||||
 Diarrhoea | 36 | 12.2 | 21 | 16.0 | 15 | 9.2 |
 Nausea and vomiting | 16 | 5.4 | 12 | 9.2 | 4 | 2.5 |
 Abdominal pain | 45 | 15.3 | 28 | 21.4 | 17 | 10.4 |
 Dysentery | 27 | 9.2 | 22 | 16.8 | 5 | 3.1 |
 Feeling tired easily | 111 | 37.8 | 69 | 52.7 | 42 | 25.8 |
 Fever | 64 | 21.8 | 35 | 26.7 | 29 | 17.8 |
 Loss of appetite | 29 | 9.9 | 19 | 14.5 | 10 | 6.1 |
 Loss of weight | 41 | 13.9 | 17 | 13.0 | 24 | 14.7 |
Other diseases present | ||||||
 Tuberculosis | 19 | 6.5 | 18 | 13.7 | 1 | 0.6 |
 Hepatitis B or C | 22 | 7.5 | 18 | 13.7 | 4 | 2.5 |
 Asthma | 13 | 4.4 | 8 | 6.1 | 5 | 3.1 |
 Hypertension | 3 | 1.0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 1.8 |
 Diabetes | 11 | 3.7 | 1 | 0.8 | 10 | 6.1 |
 Schizophrenia | 6 | 2.0 | 1 | 0.8 | 5 | 3.1 |
Mode of HIV transmission | ||||||
 IVDUb |  |  | 86 | 65.6 |  |  |
 Sexual transmission |  |  | 11 | 8.4 |  |  |
 Both |  |  | 24 | 18.3 |  |  |
 Unknown |  |  | 10 | 7.6 |  |  |
Duration of having HIV (years) | ||||||
 0-5 |  |  | 55 | 42.0 |  |  |
 6-10 |  |  | 32 | 24.4 |  |  |
 11-15 |  |  | 28 | 21.4 |  |  |
 16-20 |  |  | 15 | 11.5 |  |  |
 >21 |  |  | 1 | 0.8 |  |  |
HAARTc | ||||||
 Yes |  |  | 55 | 42.0 |  |  |
 No |  |  | 32 | 24.4 |  |  |
CD4 count (cells/mm3) | ||||||
 <200 |  |  | 24 | 18.3 |  |  |
 >200 |  |  | 69 | 52.7 |  |  |