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Fig. 5 | BMC Infectious Diseases

Fig. 5

From: CD14+ macrophages that accumulate in the colon of African AIDS patients express pro-inflammatory cytokines and are responsive to lipopolysaccharide

Fig. 5

LPS induces increased pro-inflammatory cytokine production by MMC isolated from the colon of AIDS patients. Total MMC isolated from the colon of African AIDS patients (n = 10) and healthy uninfected healthy controls (n = 5) were cultured for 18 h in the presence or absence of LPS. Cytokine and chemokine levels in the culture supernatants were quantified using customized Bio-Plex plates from BioRad. The results represent the mean ± SD of two independent experiments performed in triplicate. Statistical significance between groups was calculated using the Mann–Whitney U test. Statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) are indicated by an asterisk

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