Diagnostic accuracy of the rapid urine lipoarabinomannan test for pulmonary tuberculosis among HIV-infected adults in Ghana–findings from the DETECT HIV-TB study

Table 2 Overall performance of LAM test for diagnosis of tuberculosis

	Total	Sensitivity		Specificity		LR (+)	LR (−)	PPV	NPV
	Total	N	% (95 % CI)	N	% (95 % CI)	(95 % CI)	(95 % CI)	% (95 % CI)	% (95 % CI)
LAM test overall
Microbiological reference standard*	469	24/55	44 (30–58)	393/414	95 (92–97)	8.6 (5.1-14.4)	0.6 (0.5-0.8)	53 (38–68)	93 (90–95)
Composite reference standard**	469	36/100	36 (27–46)	360/369	98 (95–99)	14.8 (7.4-29.6)	0.7 (0.6-0.8)	80 (65–90)	85 (81–88)

*Primary analysis using a microbiological reference standard:” Confirmed TB” cases versus culture and Xpert negative cases
**Secondary analysis using a composite reference standard: “Confirmed TB” and “Possible TB” combined for calculations of sensitivity versus “Non TB”
LR (+) = Positive Likelihood Ratio, LR (−) = Negative Likelihood Ratio, PPV = Positive Predictive Value, NPV = Negative Predictive Value

ISSN: 1471-2334